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電動膠輥旋轉式油茶果采摘執(zhí)行器設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(51305180)和江西省科技計劃項目(20141BBF60057)


Design and Test of Motor-driven Picking Actuator of Camellia Fruit with Rotate Rubber Roller
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    摘要:

    油茶果機械化采摘是目前亟待解決的難題,,其中花苞損傷又成為機械采摘難以克服的問題,。設計了一種電動膠輥旋轉式油茶果采摘執(zhí)行器,,分析了膠輥機構采摘油茶果的過程和原理,,得到了油茶果碰撞脫落的臨界條件,。通過對采摘頭回轉架組件參數(shù)設計,,確定了回轉架組件上對輥間距有效調(diào)節(jié)范圍為20~65mm,,初步擬定回轉架轉速范圍為20~40r/min,。在江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學油茶林進行了油茶果采摘試驗,,并對電動膠輥旋轉式油茶果采摘執(zhí)行器作業(yè)中油茶花苞損傷進行了研究,。結果表明:當膠輥直徑為30mm,,間距為25mm,膠輥旋轉速度為30r/min,,膠輥線速度為0.833m/s時,,直徑大于25mm的油茶果能全部被采摘,漏采率為13.6%,,且未開的花苞未見明顯損傷,。

    Abstract:

    It is a dilemma to solve the picking mechanization of camellia fruit in the camellia industry, of which camellia bud damage is a bottleneck. A motordriven picking actuator of camellia fruit with rotate rubber roller was developed. The principle of camellia fruit picking by rotate rubber roller was analyzed. The interaction between camellia fruit and rotate rubber roller can be summarized as contact, impact and abscission during the process of camellia fruit picking by rotate rubber roller, through which corresponding forces were derived and the critical condition of camellia fruit’s falling off was obtained. By analyzing the parameters of swinging strut of picking head, the efficient adjustable range between upper and lower rubber roller of swinging strut was designed as from 20mm to 65mm, and the preliminary rotate speed was proposed from 20r/min to 40r/min. Tests of camellia fruit picking and its bud damaging were conducted in the camellia forest of Jiangxi Agricultural University when the prototype was completed. Experimental results showed that as the diameter of rubber roller was 30mm, the rotate speed was 30r/min, the linear velocity was 0.833m/s, and the gap between up and down of rubber roller was 25mm, the diameter of camellia fruit above 25mm can be harvested by rotate rubber roller, the percentage of residual camellia fruits on the camellia branches was 13.6%. What’s more, the damage of unopened camellia bud was bare, which verified the practicability of this prototype and provided the reference for the development of camellia fruit picking machine.

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饒洪輝,張立勇,黃登昇,陳 斌,劉木華.電動膠輥旋轉式油茶果采摘執(zhí)行器設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(9):115-121. RAO Honghui, ZHANG Liyong, HUANG Dengsheng, CHEN Bin, LIU Muhua. Design and Test of Motor-driven Picking Actuator of Camellia Fruit with Rotate Rubber Roller[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):115-121.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-05-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-09-20
  • 出版日期: 2018-09-10
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