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支持種肥監(jiān)測(cè)的變量施肥系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0200600-2016YFD0200608,、2017YFD0700500-2017YFD0700502)


Design and Test on Variable Rate Fertilization System Supporting Seeding and Fertilizing Monitoring
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    摘要:

    目前國(guó)內(nèi)變量施肥控制系統(tǒng)與排肥監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)集成化程度低,,電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)變量施肥系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)研究不夠深入,。為此設(shè)計(jì)了基于電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),、支持多路播種施肥監(jiān)測(cè)的變量施肥控制系統(tǒng),主要包括觸摸屏,、中央控制器和數(shù)據(jù)采集器,。控制器以MCU為核心,,讀取GPS測(cè)速模塊獲取的機(jī)具行進(jìn)速度,,監(jiān)測(cè)排肥電動(dòng)機(jī)實(shí)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速,與數(shù)據(jù)采集器通訊獲取多路排種或施肥狀態(tài),,與觸摸屏通訊設(shè)置作業(yè)參數(shù)和監(jiān)測(cè)作業(yè)狀態(tài),。搭建試驗(yàn)平臺(tái),測(cè)得排肥軸轉(zhuǎn)速范圍為12.5~125r/min,、監(jiān)測(cè)靈敏度為3s時(shí),,系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè)可靠性為100%。進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)排肥量變化響應(yīng)時(shí)間試驗(yàn),,室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明在0~11500g/min的排肥量變化范圍內(nèi),,系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間最大為0.75s,。系統(tǒng)整機(jī)試驗(yàn)中,,75~450kg/hm2的施肥量變化區(qū)間,,公差以75kg/hm2遞增,,行進(jìn)速度平均為3.79km/h時(shí),系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間平均為1.08s,;在設(shè)定施肥量450,、600,、750kg/hm2下,,改變不同行進(jìn)速度的過程中,,排肥量準(zhǔn)確率平均值分別為95.92%、95.24%和98.26%,,方差分別為3.01%,、1.39%和1.36%。田間試驗(yàn)表明,,施肥量分別為450,、600、750kg/hm2時(shí),,系統(tǒng)排肥量準(zhǔn)確率平均值為94.69%,,方差為2.23%,多路排種,、排肥監(jiān)測(cè)故障報(bào)警準(zhǔn)確率為100%,。

    Abstract:

    The current domestic integration of a variable rate fertilization system and a fertilizer feeder fault alarming system has a low level, and there is less research on dynamic response of a motor driving fertilization system. A variable rate fertilizing control system supporting seeding and fertilizing monitoring was designed based on a motor driving method. The system mainly included a touch screen, a central controller and a data collector. The central controller was designed based on an MCU, which monitored both the vehicle speed by using a GPS module and the fertilization motor speed in real time. The touch screen was used to set or read the operation parameters by communicating with the controller. The data collector monitored the working status of the multiple seed metering or fertilizer feeder. An experimental platform was built to evaluate the monitoring accuracy. When the sowing axle speed was 12.5~125r/min and the monitoring sensitivity was set to 3s, the accuracy of the fault alarming system was 100%. A test was conducted to find the system response time with different fertilization rates, the test results showed that the maximum system response time was 0.75s when fertilization rate was from 0g/min to 11500g/min.The prototype machine test result showed that when the fertilization rate was from 75kg/hm2 to 450kg/hm2 with an increment of 75kg/hm2, the average system response time was 1.08s. When the fertilization rates were 450kg/hm2, 600kg/hm2 and 750kg/hm2 with different vehicle speeds, the average accuracies of fertilizer ejecting were 95.92%, 95.24% and 98.26%, and the variances were 3.01%, 1.39% and 1.36%, respectively. The field test results showed that when the fertilization rates were set to 450kg/hm2, 600kg/hm2 and 750kg/hm2, the average accuracies of fertilizer ejecting was 94.69% with variance of 2.23%, and the accuracy of the fault alarm for multiple feeders was 100%.

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楊碩,王秀,翟長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),竇漢杰,高原源,趙春江.支持種肥監(jiān)測(cè)的變量施肥系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(10):145-153. YANG Shuo, WANG Xiu, ZHAI Changyuan, DOU Hanjie, GAO Yuanyuan, ZHAO Chunjiang. Design and Test on Variable Rate Fertilization System Supporting Seeding and Fertilizing Monitoring[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(10):145-153.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-05-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-10-10
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