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錐面導(dǎo)流水平盤式小麥精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0200607)


Design and Test of Cone Diversion Type Horizontal Plate Wheat Precision Seed-metering Device
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)小麥低播量精密播種,提高小麥精密排種器播種精度,,提出了一種錐面導(dǎo)流水平盤式小麥排種器,對關(guān)鍵參數(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)和理論分析,通過EDEM離散元軟件完成了導(dǎo)條型式,、型孔個(gè)數(shù)、錐盤轉(zhuǎn)速、錐盤錐角對充種性能影響的單因素試驗(yàn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上以錐盤轉(zhuǎn)速,、種層厚度和型孔長度為試驗(yàn)因素進(jìn)行了多元二次回歸旋轉(zhuǎn)正交組合試驗(yàn)并應(yīng)用Design-Expert 8.0.6軟件對試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,得到回歸模型和因素對指標(biāo)影響關(guān)系,,確定了對單粒率影響由大到小依次為錐盤轉(zhuǎn)速,、型孔長度和種層厚度;對合格率影響由大到小依次為錐盤轉(zhuǎn)速,、種層厚度和型孔長度,,轉(zhuǎn)速和種層厚度、種層厚度和型孔長度間存在交互作用,。基于回歸模型進(jìn)行多目標(biāo)參數(shù)優(yōu)化并對最優(yōu)組合參數(shù)進(jìn)行排種性能的臺架試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,,結(jié)果表明,,在轉(zhuǎn)速19r/min、型孔長度8mm,、種層厚度為8mm時(shí)排種合格率為90.13%,、漏充率為9.87%、單粒率為49.50%,,與仿真優(yōu)化結(jié)果相吻合,驗(yàn)證了仿真優(yōu)化結(jié)果的可靠性,。與原錐盤排種器的性能對比試驗(yàn)表明,設(shè)計(jì)的錐面導(dǎo)流水平盤式排種器在速度為3,、4,、5km/h時(shí),合格率分別提高了3.4,、2.1,、1.9個(gè)百分點(diǎn),3km/h時(shí)破碎率降低了0.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,無論排種性能還是破碎率指標(biāo)均優(yōu)于原錐盤排種器,。

    Abstract:

    In order to achieve precision seeding of low sowing quantity of wheat and improve the accuracy of precision seeding of wheat, a kind of cone diversion type horizontal plate wheat precision seed-metering device was proposed. The design and theoretical analysis of key parameters were carried out. Single factor test on the effects of the guide bar form, number of holes, cone disc speed and cone disc angle on seed-filling performance were studied by EDEM discrete element software, and then the parameters were determined. On this basis, the multiple quadratic regression rotation orthogonal combination test was carried out with cone speed, seed-layer thickness and length of hole, and then the test data was analyzed by Design-Expert 8.0.6 software. The regression model and the influence of factors on the index were obtained. The influence relation of factors on the single rate was determined and the order of importance was the cone disc speed, length of hole and seed-layer thickness in turn. The order of importance of the qualified rate was the cone disc speed, seed-layer thickness and length of hole in turn. Interaction between the length of a hole and the seed-layer thickness, cone disc speed and seed-layer thickness cannot be ignored. Based on the regression model, the parameters were optimized and the seed metering device under the optimized parameter combination was tested for seed-metering performance. The results showed that the qualified seed-metering rate, the leakage rate and single rate was 90.13%, 9.87% and 49.50%, raspectively, and the test results matched the simulation optimization results. The reliability of the simulation optimization result was verified. The performance comparison tests with the original cone seed-metering device showed that the designed cone diversion type horizontal plate wheat precision seed-metering device was better than the original cone disc seed-metering device in both metering performance and breakage index. The qualified rate was increased by 3.4 percentage points, 2.1 percentage points and 1.9 percentage points at 3km/h, 4km/h and 5km/h, respectively, and the damage rate was decreased by 0.2 percentage point at 3km/h. The designed cone diversion type horizontal plate wheat precision seed-metering device can effectively improve seed filling performance and qualification index and reduce sowing quantity and breakage rate. The research results provided a reference for the design of wheat precision seeder used in wide seedling strip.

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劉彩玲,都鑫,張福印,馬拓,張皓瑒,黎艷妮.錐面導(dǎo)流水平盤式小麥精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(12):56-65. LIU Cailing, DU Xin, ZHANG Fuyin, MA Tuo, ZHANG Haoyang, LI Yanni. Design and Test of Cone Diversion Type Horizontal Plate Wheat Precision Seed-metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(12):56-65.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-12-10
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