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水培生菜整株低損收獲裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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陜西省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018TSCXL-NY-05-04)


Design and Test of Harvester for Whole Hydroponic Lettuce with Low Damage
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    摘要:

    為解決水培生菜收獲品質(zhì)低,、人工收獲勞動(dòng)力成本高等問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種整株低損收獲裝置,。通過夾持桿對(duì)菜葉的低損聚攏、割刀對(duì)生菜莖部的精準(zhǔn)切割,,實(shí)現(xiàn)單株水培生菜的整株低損收獲,。設(shè)計(jì)了各關(guān)鍵部件結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),,分析了影響菜葉損傷的因素,,利用圖像處理方法測量了菜葉損傷面積;采用正交試驗(yàn),,研究了聚攏速度,、聚攏角、聚攏高度,、壓菜速度對(duì)菜葉損傷面積的影響,;通過力學(xué)分析和高速攝影,分析了聚攏角,、聚攏高度對(duì)菜葉損傷面積的影響,。正交試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:試驗(yàn)因素的顯著性主次順序?yàn)榫蹟n角、聚攏高度,、壓菜速度,、聚攏速度;最優(yōu)組合參數(shù)為聚攏速度100mm/s,、聚攏角15°,、聚攏高度70mm、壓菜速度100mm/s,。驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明:最優(yōu)組合下生菜均為整株收獲,,菜葉損傷面積平均值為432mm2,損傷程度平均值為0.13%,,優(yōu)化效果明顯,。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the issues of hydroponic lettuce manual harvesting with low quality but high cost, a harvester was designed and manufactured. The leaves lying on the hydroponics planting board were gathered by the holding rods before cutting the stem. The key components of the harvester were calculated; for instance, the device of gathering leaves up, the cutter bar and conveyer device. The damage area was measured by using image processing method. The factors those would influence the leaf damage were generalized. The influence of gathering angle and gathering height on damage area was analyzed though the mechanical analysis and highspeed photography. Orthogonal test was utilized to study the influence of gathering velocity, gathering angle, gathering height and velocity of putting lettuce down on damage area. The results showed that the order of significance was gathering angle, gathering height, velocity of putting lettuce down and gathering velocity. The optimized combination of factors that gave the minimum damage area was obtained, and the value of gathering velocity, gathering angle, gathering height and velocity of putting lettuce down were 100mm/s, 15°, 70mm and 100mm/s, respectively. The average value of damage area was 432mm2, and the average value of damage degree was 0.13%, which meant that the optimization was obvious. This research offered a reference for designing the harvester which would harvest more than one hydroponic lettuce.

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馬義東,徐燦,崔永杰,傅隆生,劉浩洲,楊晨.水培生菜整株低損收獲裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(1):2018-10-22-169. MA Yidong, XU Can, CUI Yongjie, FU Longsheng, LIU Haozhou, YANG Chen. Design and Test of Harvester for Whole Hydroponic Lettuce with Low Damage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(1):2018-10-22-169.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-01-10
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