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玉米收獲機清選曲面篩設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(51475090),、黑龍江省自然科學基金項目(E2017004)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD0300103)


Design and Experiment of Curved Screen for Maize Grain Harvester
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    摘要:

    為提高玉米收獲機風篩式清選裝置的清選效果,,通過篩上顆粒受力分析,,確定篩上顆粒運動狀態(tài)與篩面方程f(x)存在函數(shù)關系。以編織篩為研究對象,,利用CFD-DEM耦合技術,,通過對比清選裝置內平面,、凸面,、凹面3種編織篩的氣流場及不同區(qū)域篩分特點,,提出一種正弦曲線編織篩,并與去除尾篩的正弦曲線篩進行性能對比,,確定保留尾篩篩分性能更好。以正弦曲線篩篩形系數(shù),、入口氣流速度,、氣流方向角為試驗因素,以籽粒清潔率和籽粒損失率為評價指標,,設計二次正交旋轉組合試驗,,建立了各因素與指標間回歸數(shù)學模型,運用Design-Expert軟件的多目標優(yōu)化算法進行參數(shù)優(yōu)化。獲得參數(shù)最優(yōu)組合為:篩形系數(shù)32.35mm,,入口氣流速度13.73m/s,,氣流方向角23.86°。當玉米脫出物喂入量為5kg/s,,篩面振動頻率為5.15Hz時,,利用高速攝像及室內臺架進行了正弦曲線篩工作機理試驗和性能對比試驗。試驗結果表明,,正弦曲線篩可實現(xiàn)對雜余的快速推移,,并提高籽粒透篩概率。正弦曲線篩清選裝置的籽粒清潔率為98.07%,,籽粒損失率為1.16%,,相較平面編織篩清潔率提高2.45個百分點、損失率降低0.79個百分點,,滿足國家篩分質量評價技術規(guī)范要求,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the screening performance of the air-screen cleaning device of maize grain harvester, the relationship between the motion of grain on the screen and the function f(x) of screen-shape was determined through the mechanics analysis of particle. In order to propose a type of sinusoidal-shape screen, the woven screen was studied. Computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) were coupled to compare and analyze the airflow in the cleaning device and the characteristics of flat, convex and concave screening. The screening performance of the sinusoidal-shape screen, compared with this one with tail screen was removed, was better. The quadratic orthogonal rotational-combinational simulation tests were designed. The coefficient of screen-shape and the inlet velocity of airflow and the direction angle of airflow were taken as factors, and the loss and cleanliness of maize grains collected were taken as indexes. The regression mathematical models between factors and indexes were multi-objective optimized by using Design-Expert software. The best combination of parameters was obtained, including the coefficient of screen-shape of 32.35mm, the inlet velocity of airflow of 13.73m/s, the direction angle of airflow of 23.86°. The best combination of parameters was set in the bench test. The flat weave screen was compared with that of the screening performance of sinusoidalshape screen. The experimental results showed that the sinusoidalshape screen can realize the fast passage of maize debris, and increase the possibility of maize grains passing the screen when the total feeding quantity was 5kg/s and the vibration frequency of the screen was 5.15Hz. The working mechanism and screening performance of the sinusoidal-shape screen were tested by highspeed camera and indoor bench. The experimental results showed that the state of movement of maize mixture on different screens was more favorable to the performance of the cleaning device. The cleaning rate of maize grains collected was 98.07% and the rate of maize loss was 1.16% after screening. Compared with the flat weave screen, the cleaning rate of maize grains was increased by 2.45 percentage points and the rate of maize loss was reduced by 0.79 percentage points, which met the requirements of technical specification for quality evaluation of screening in China.

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王立軍,武振超,馮鑫,李瑞,于泳濤.玉米收獲機清選曲面篩設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(2):90-101. WANG Lijun, WU Zhenchao, FENG Xin, LI Rui, YU Yongtao. Design and Experiment of Curved Screen for Maize Grain Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(2):90-101.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-02-10
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