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馬鈴薯種植機(jī)械化關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與裝備研究進(jìn)展分析與展望
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0701600,、2017YFD0700705)、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-09-P23),、北方馬鈴薯全程機(jī)械化科研基地項(xiàng)目(2017-A2231-230112-G1302-008)和黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)三橫三縱支持計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(TDJH201803)


Analysis and Prospect of Research Progress on Key Technologies and Equipments of Mechanization of Potato Planting
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    摘要:

    中國(guó)馬鈴薯種植具有面積大,、范圍廣、地域地理復(fù)雜的特點(diǎn),,機(jī)械化種植是馬鈴薯機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)中關(guān)鍵的技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié),。馬鈴薯種植機(jī)械化技術(shù)包括種薯預(yù)處理、供導(dǎo)種,、取種、清種等機(jī)械化種植關(guān)鍵技術(shù),。分析了中國(guó)馬鈴薯種植機(jī)械化技術(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,、特點(diǎn)及制約因素,總結(jié)了馬鈴薯種植機(jī)械化中主要關(guān)鍵技術(shù),,分析了整薯和切塊種薯2種主要栽培方法對(duì)馬鈴薯播種技術(shù)的約束,、影響。重點(diǎn)闡述了馬鈴薯分級(jí),、種薯分離整列拾取,、零速投種、動(dòng)態(tài)供種技術(shù)及裝備的研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài),,并歸納了中國(guó),、德國(guó)、荷蘭,、比利時(shí),、美國(guó)等國(guó)家具有技術(shù)代表性的馬鈴薯種植機(jī)械技術(shù)特點(diǎn)與性能參數(shù);指出精量、高速,、智能化大型馬鈴薯播種技術(shù)與裝備是我國(guó)馬鈴薯機(jī)械化播種技術(shù)發(fā)展的核心方向,,同時(shí)也需加強(qiáng)適應(yīng)丘陵山區(qū)的小型、輕簡(jiǎn)型馬鈴薯機(jī)械化種植技術(shù)及裝備的研究,。

    Abstract:

    The potato planting in China has the characteristics of large area, wide range and complicated geographical features. The mechanized potato planting is the most important technical link in the mechanized potato production, which has prominent problems in potato growing industry. The technology of the mechanization of potato planting includes key technologies of seed potato pretreatment, seed supply and conduction, seed pick and seed clearance. This paper analyzes the present situation, characteristics and restrictive factors of the mechanization of potato planting in China, summarizes the key technologies of the mechanization of potato planting, and the restriction, influence and difference between the two main cultivation methods of whole potato and diced seed potato planting technology in Mechanized potato planting. The research emphatically expounds the status and the development trends of potato grading, seed potato separation, zerospeed seeding, dynamic seedsupplying technology and equipment, and summarizes the representative potatogrowing machinery in China, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, the United States and other countries. Besides, the paper holds that the precise, highspeed and intelligent largescale potato seeding technology and equipment are the core direction of the development of the technology of mechanized potato seeding in China, which will provide reference for the industry in equipment selection, research and development and the development of potato planting machinery in China.

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李紫輝,溫信宇,呂金慶,李季成,衣淑娟,喬丹.馬鈴薯種植機(jī)械化關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與裝備研究進(jìn)展分析與展望[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(3):1-16. LI Zihui, WEN Xinyu, Lǖ Jinqing, LI Jicheng, YI Shujuan, QIAO Dan. Analysis and Prospect of Research Progress on Key Technologies and Equipments of Mechanization of Potato Planting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(3):1-16.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-03-10
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