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六頭螺旋秸稈還田耕整機刀輥設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0301303)和公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201503136)


Design and Experiment of Knife Roller for Six-head Spiral Straw Returning Cultivator
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    摘要:

    針對長江中下游兩熟制地區(qū)土壤黏重板結,,傳統(tǒng)秸稈還田耕整機作業(yè)質(zhì)量不理想,、刀輥易纏繞和功耗大等問題,,提出了一種六頭螺旋秸稈還田耕整機刀輥,。基于滑切原理設計了等滑切角二次切刀,闡述了刀輥結構及工作原理,分析了二次切刀減阻程度及主要作業(yè)參數(shù),。田間試驗結果表明:各因素對功耗和秸稈掩埋率影響顯著性由大到小分別為刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速、耕深,、作業(yè)速度和耕深,、作業(yè)速度、刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速,,對秸稈粉碎率和碎土率影響顯著性由大到小為刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速,、作業(yè)速度、耕深,,通過軟件分析得到最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為:耕深12.7cm,作業(yè)速度0.7m/s,,刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速273r/min,。驗證試驗結果表明:最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下六頭螺旋秸稈還田耕整機功耗、秸稈掩埋率,、秸稈粉碎率和碎土率分別為31.9kW,、93.1%、87.5%和78.3%,,與軟件預測值之間的誤差分別為4.7%,、1.4%、1.9%和2.6%,。對比試驗結果表明:六頭螺旋秸稈還田耕整機功耗和秸稈掩埋率較水旱兩用秸稈還田耕整機分別低8.8%和2.3%,,秸稈粉碎率和碎土率分別高3.0%和6.1%。

    Abstract:

    The soil in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is sticky and hard. The quality of traditional straw returning tillage machine is not ideal, and the knife roller is easy to be twisted and the power consumption is large. To solve the above problems, a sixhead spiral straw returning cultivator’s knife roller was proposed. Secondary cutter blade was designed, and the structure of knife roller and working principle were illustrated. The reduction degree of the secondary cutter blade and the major working parameters were analyzed. The results of experiment showed that the influence of factors on power consumption and straw burial were significant, which from large to small were rotating speed of knife roller, tillage depth, working speed and tillage depth, working speed and rotating speed of knife roller, respectively. The influence of factors on straw crushing and soil pulverization were significant, which from large to small were rotating speed of knife roller, working speed and tillage depth. The optimum value of tillage depth, working speed and rotating speed of knife roller were 12.7cm, 0.7m/s and 273r/min, respectively. The results of verification experiment showed that the power consumption, rate of straw burial, rate of straw crushing and soil pulverization were 31.9kW, 93.1%, 87.5% and 78.3% when working on the optimum values. The errors between the predicted values were 4.7%, 1.4%, 1.3% and 5.8%, respectively. The results of contrast experiment showed that the power consumption and the rate of straw burial of six-head spiral straw returning cultivator were 8.8% and 2.3% lower than that of cultivator for straw returning in paddy field and dry land, respectively. However, the rate of straw crushing and soil pulverization were 3.0% and 6.1% higher than that of the latter. The research results can provide reference for the design and improvement of straw returning tillage machine in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

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張春嶺,夏俊芳,張居敏,周華,祝英豪,王金武.六頭螺旋秸稈還田耕整機刀輥設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(3):25-34. ZHANG Chunling, XIA Junfang, ZHANG Jumin, ZHOU Hua, ZHU Yinghao, WANG Jinwu. Design and Experiment of Knife Roller for Six-head Spiral Straw Returning Cultivator[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(3):25-34.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-03-10
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