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單旋翼無人機作業(yè)高度對檳榔霧滴沉積分布與飄移影響
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廣東省教育廳重點平臺及科研項目(2015KGJHZ007)、廣州市科技計劃項目(201807010039),、高等學校學科創(chuàng)新引智計劃項目(D18019),、廣東省引進領(lǐng)軍人才項目(2016LJ06G689),、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0200700)和廣東省自然科學基金項目(2017A030310383)


Effects of Working Height of Single-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle on Drift and Droplets Deposition Distribution of Areca Tree
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    摘要:

    為了闡明3WQF120-12型單旋翼無人植保機噴施檳榔樹的霧滴沉積效果,、地面流失霧滴沉積分布,、飄移及可應用性,,研究了無人機不同作業(yè)高度對檳榔樹冠層及地面噴施效果的影響,。試驗選用誘惑紅染色劑,并配制成質(zhì)量分數(shù)為0.5%的水溶液,,代替農(nóng)藥,;用銅版紙進行霧滴采集,并利用圖像處理軟件DepositScan分析得出霧滴沉積結(jié)果,。結(jié)果表明:作業(yè)高度對檳榔樹各層采樣點的霧滴沉積量沒有顯著性影響,,同一高度作業(yè)時,樹冠上層與樹冠下層,、樹冠上層與樹果層之間的霧滴沉積量有顯著差異,,樹冠上層霧滴沉積水平最高可達53.27%,樹冠下層和樹果層可達樹冠上層的59.19%和27.91%,;地面流失采樣點霧滴沉積結(jié)果顯示,,不同作業(yè)高度對地面3列采樣點的霧滴沉積量有顯著性影響,最低平均沉積水平約19.9%,;飄移區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,,3個作業(yè)高度對飄移帶采樣點的霧滴沉積量沒有顯著性影響,,當作業(yè)高度為12.09m時,飄移帶測得的飄移量最大,,作業(yè)高度10.40m時飄移量最小,。同時測試發(fā)現(xiàn),飄移距離最遠可達36.35m,,因此實際作業(yè)時必須留出足夠的安全距離,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to elucidate the effects of 3WQF120-12 single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) on the effect of droplet, deposition distribution, ground loss droplets, drift, and applicability when spraying areca palm. The impact of different working heights of UAV on the spraying effect of areca palm canopy was mainly studied. In this experiment, the red stain aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% was selected and instead of pesticides. The droplets were collected on coated paper and analyzed by an image processing software (DepositScan). The results showed that when the operation height was 12.09m, 11.46m and 10.40m, respectively, the operation height had no significant influence on the droplets deposition amount of the sampling points in each layer of the areca palm. Meanwhile, the deposition level in the upper canopy could reach 53.27%, that of the lower canopy and fruit layer can reach 59.19% and 27.91% of the upper canopy. The results of the droplets deposition at the ground loss sampling points showed that the droplets deposition of the three column sampling points on the ground was significantly affected by different operation heights. When the operation height was 10.40m, the droplets loss on the ground was the least, and the average deposition level was about 19.9%. The data of the drift area showed that the three working heights had no significant influence on the droplets deposition of the sampling points in the drift line. When the working height was 12.09m, the drift line sample location measured the largest amount of drift and the working height of 10.40m had the smallest. At the same time, it was found that the downwind distance corresponding to 90% drift accumulation could reach as far as 36.35m. Therefore, sufficient safety distance must be left for practical operation. The areca aerial spraying was very different from that of conventional crops, mainly in working speed and height. The speed of areca aerial spraying was about 1.5m/s, which was much lower than usual speed (3~5m/s), and the working height can usually be more than 10m. The wake vortices were mainly influenced by working height, as the working height increased, the amount of droplets deposition was decreased, especially in the upper layer of the areas’ canopy. Due to the operation speed was slow, the acting time of the rotor wind field was relatively long. The combined action of downwash airflow and crosswind in the rotor wind field can significantly improve the penetration of droplets. In this experiment, there were three different working heights, and the droplet volume median diameter (VMD) of droplets in each layer was changed significantly with the working heights. With the increase of crosswind and working height, the droplet volume median diameter (VMD) of droplets in each layer was decreased, and the mean deposition and percent area coverage rate in the fruit layer could increase by up to 53.75% and 62.20%, respectively. In actual operations, appropriate operation parameters can be selected according to the growing period and the occurrence part of diseases and pests.

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王娟,蘭玉彬,姚偉祥,陳鵬超,林晉立,燕穎斌.單旋翼無人機作業(yè)高度對檳榔霧滴沉積分布與飄移影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(7):109-119. WANG Juan, LAN Yubin, YAO Weixiang, CHEN Pengchao, LIN Jinli, YAN Yingbin. Effects of Working Height of Single-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle on Drift and Droplets Deposition Distribution of Areca Tree[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(7):109-119.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-07-10
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