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基于時(shí)序動(dòng)態(tài)模型的不同灌水定額下食葵增產(chǎn)潛能分析
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新疆教育廳創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目（XJEDU2017T004）和“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2011BAD29B05）


Analysis of Increasing Yield Potential of Sunflower under Different Irrigation Quotas Based on Time Series Dynamic Model
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    摘要:

    為促進(jìn)食葵長(zhǎng)勢(shì)，提高食葵產(chǎn)量,、水分利用效率，設(shè)置5個(gè)灌水定額水平（W1：300m3/hm2,、W2：375m3/hm2、W3：450m3/hm2,、W4：525m3/hm2,、W5：600m3/hm2），分析比較了不同灌水定額對(duì)食葵株高,、葉片數(shù),、盤(pán)徑和莖粗的影響，探明了不同灌水定額下食葵生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)與產(chǎn)量和耗水量的關(guān)系,，利用時(shí)序動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)模型分析了不同灌水定額下提高食葵產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的潛能,。結(jié)果表明：食葵株高、葉片數(shù),、盤(pán)徑和莖粗隨著灌水定額增加而增大,，525m3/hm2和600m3/hm灌水定額下食葵生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)增長(zhǎng)效果明顯，當(dāng)灌水定額增加到600m3/hm2食葵莖粗不增反減,，300m3/hm2灌水定額限制食葵植株生長(zhǎng),，高灌水定額更利于促進(jìn)食葵株高和葉片數(shù)增長(zhǎng)；食葵生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)與產(chǎn)量和耗水量存在正向關(guān)系，耗水量和產(chǎn)量隨著食葵植株長(zhǎng)勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)優(yōu)而增加,。525m3/hm2灌水定額下食葵植株長(zhǎng)勢(shì)優(yōu)且耗水量高,，產(chǎn)量高。600m3/hm2灌水定額下增加食葵營(yíng)養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)時(shí)長(zhǎng),，耗水量高且不利于食葵增產(chǎn)。在生長(zhǎng)階段,，525m3/hm2和600m3/hm2灌水定額下食葵耗水量高,，株高和莖粗縮減量大。評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明,，300m3/hm2灌水定額下食葵綜合長(zhǎng)勢(shì)處于劣勢(shì),，提高產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的能力弱，即潛能??；525m3/hm2灌水定額下食葵綜合長(zhǎng)勢(shì)最優(yōu)，潛能大,。選擇525m3/hm2灌水定額作為實(shí)際食葵灌溉制度較為適宜,。

    Abstract:

    In order to promote the growth of sunflower and improve the yield and water use efficiency of sunflower, five irrigation quotas were set. The five treatments were 300m3/hm2, 375m3/hm2, 450m3/hm2, 525m3/hm2 and 600m3/hm2, respectively. The effects of different irrigation quotas on plant height, leaf number, disk diameter and stem diameter of edible sunflower were analyzed and compared. The relationship between growth index of edible sunflower and yield and water consumption under different irrigation quotas was explained. The ability (potential) of different irrigation quotas to increase yield and water use efficiency of edible sunflower was analyzed by time series dynamic evaluation model. The results showed that the plant height, leaf number, disk diameter and stem diameter of sunflower were increased with the increase of irrigation quota. The treatments with 525m3/hm2 and 600m3/hm2 irrigation quota promoted the growth of sunflower growth index significantly. When the irrigation quota was increased to 600m3/hm2, the stem diameter of sunflower was not increased but decreased, and 300m3/hm2 irrigation quota limited the growth of sunflower plants. High irrigation quota was more conducive to the growth of plant height and leaf number of sunflower. There was a positive relationship between sunflower growth index and yield and water consumption. Water consumption and yield were increased with the growth of sunflower plants. Under 525m3/hm2 irrigation quota, sunflower plants grew well, consumed more water and had higher yield. Irrigation quota of 600m3/hm2 increased nutrient growth time and water consumption of sunflower, which was not conducive to yield increase of sunflower. In reproductive growth stage, the water consumption of sunflower under 525m3/hm2 and 600m3/hm2 irrigation quota was high, and the reduction of plant height and stem diameter was large. The evaluation results showed that the comprehensive growth of sunflower under 300m3/hm2 irrigation quota was at a disadvantage, and the ability to improve yield and water use efficiency was weak, that was, the potential was small. The sunflower under 525m3/hm2irrigation quota had the best comprehensive growth potential. The 525m3/hm2 irrigation quota was suitable for the actual sunflower irrigation system. The time series dynamic evaluation model can better solve the problem of field test evaluation, and provide a reference for comprehensive analysis of field test based on dynamic and static indicators. 

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趙經(jīng)華,徐劍,馬英杰,楊文新,胡建強(qiáng).基于時(shí)序動(dòng)態(tài)模型的不同灌水定額下食葵增產(chǎn)潛能分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(9):300-309. ZHAO Jinghua, XU Jian, MA Yingjie, YANG Wenxin, HU Jianqiang. Analysis of Increasing Yield Potential of Sunflower under Different Irrigation Quotas Based on Time Series Dynamic Model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(9):300-309.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-02-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-09-10
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