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基于田間攝像的多參數(shù)水稻土深松擾動行為與效應(yīng)研究
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江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新基金項目(CX(17)1002)、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0300908)和江蘇省蘇北科技專項(SZ-LYG2017008)


Subsoiler-induced Paddy Soil Disturbance and Effects Based on Video-assisted Multi-index Quantification
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    摘要:

    耕作機具的土壤擾動行為密切聯(lián)系土壤失效機理與耕作效應(yīng),,是優(yōu)化耕作系統(tǒng)的重要依據(jù),。本研究通過土壤耕作原位綜合測試平臺開展單鏟深松試驗,,從5個方位錄制深松視頻,,同時配合使用微地貌測試,、耕作阻力測試,、EDEM仿真,、深松擾動剖面土壤緊實度測試和深松理論檢驗,,探究深松鏟入土角α和耕深D對水稻土深松擾動過程,、土壤失效機理及深松效應(yīng)的影響。結(jié)果表明,,攝像法提取的縱向碎土距離R,、擾動寬度W及抬土高度H與α和D顯著相關(guān),可用于水稻土深松擾動行為的定量表述,。攝像法顯示水稻土難以脆性斷裂,,鏟兩側(cè)發(fā)生非對稱性土壤剪切失效。土壤沿曲柄攀升,,抬土高度H隨α增大,,隨D減小,表明深松鏟的設(shè)計參數(shù)和作業(yè)參數(shù)同時影響抬土能力,。R隨對應(yīng)耕深范圍內(nèi)鏟的縱向水平長度L線性增加,,W隨α線性增加。地表平整度S和擾動寬度W均在耕深20cm時最大,。深松土壤擾動行為的EDEM仿真從微觀層面再現(xiàn)了攝像法記錄的非對稱性失效,、側(cè)向擠壓失效和深松新月形失效現(xiàn)象,表明該離散元模型用于解析水稻土深松力學的科學性,。EDEM仿真進一步顯示出應(yīng)力集中區(qū)沿鏟尖與鏟柄破土刃周期性上下移動,,同時也對鏟下方底層土造成擠壓。深松擾動剖面土壤緊實度等值線圖驗證了仿真過程中鏟尖下方形成的土壤壓實帶,,并直觀展示出耕深30cm時,,犁底層土壤因側(cè)向擠壓流變形成的溝槽狀緊實壁面。本文結(jié)合田間原位攝像法的多參數(shù)測試研究可為深松鏟和耕作系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化提供依據(jù),。

    Abstract:

    The pattern of soil disturbance by tillage tools is intimately linked with soil failure mechanisms and tilth quality, being a basis of tillage system optimization. Insitu videoassisted multiindex measurement is a pathway for the illustration on soil disturbance by tillage tools. The insitu composite tillage test rig was applied for measuring subsoiler performance in paddy soil. Videos from five viewports were taken, and meanwhile, soil microrelief, traction, EDEM simulation, CI of disturbed soil profile and theoretical analysis were also measured to investigate how the chisel blade angle α and tillage depth D affected the pattern of soil disturbance, soil failure and tilth quality. Results showed that three indices can be derived from videorecords, i.e., forward soil failure distance R, soil disturbance width W and lifting height H. All the three indices were significantly correlated with both α and D, and H was increased with α, while decreased with D, indicating that both design parameters and the working parameters of subsoiler can have its influence on soil lifting. R was linearly correlated with forward protruding length of the bent leg beneath soil surface, while W was increased with α. Both soil microrelief and soil disturbance width W reached the peak values at 20cm tillage depth. EDEM simulation provided microscopic illustration on the soil disturbance by the subsoiler, reaffirming the videorecorded evidence of nonbalanced soil failure, lateral compression failure and crescent failure patterns. Correspondence between EDEM simulation and videorecording also approved the scientific validness of the discrete models. EDEM simulation also revealed that stressconcentration region periodically shifted up and down along the bent leg. Downward compression effect also appeared beneath the chisel. The CI contour map of subsoiling trench profile not only affirmed the simulated compressing region, but also revealed the sideway rheological soil displacement and the resulted compact side walls at 30cm tillage depth. The results proved that videoassisted multiindex measurement was an important means for optimized subsoiler design for paddy soil.

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丁啟朔,李楊,BELAL Eisa Adam,梁磊,何瑞銀,汪小旵.基于田間攝像的多參數(shù)水稻土深松擾動行為與效應(yīng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(10):44-55. DING Qishuo, LI Yang, BELAL Eisa Adam, LIANG Lei, HE Ruiyin, WANG Xiaochan. Subsoiler-induced Paddy Soil Disturbance and Effects Based on Video-assisted Multi-index Quantification[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(10):44-55.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-10-10
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