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蔬菜移栽機(jī)氣吹振動(dòng)復(fù)合式取苗機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0701300)


Design and Experiment of Seedlings Unloading Mechanism Based on Methods of Air-blowing and Vibration for Vegetable Transplanter
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)我國(guó)全自動(dòng)蔬菜移栽機(jī)取苗,、投苗機(jī)構(gòu)復(fù)雜等問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種蔬菜移栽機(jī)氣吹振動(dòng)復(fù)合式取苗機(jī)構(gòu)及其配套苗盤。設(shè)計(jì)的取苗機(jī)構(gòu)主要由送苗裝置,、振動(dòng)裝置和氣吹裝置等組成,,各部分配合完成自動(dòng)取苗,、投苗工作。構(gòu)建了振動(dòng)過程中苗盤與缽苗的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,,通過分析缽苗取苗條件,,求解出振動(dòng)過程中影響取苗成功率的3個(gè)主要參數(shù):振動(dòng)頻率,、振幅以及缽苗基質(zhì)含水率。綜合考慮振動(dòng)與氣吹相結(jié)合的取苗方式,,以取苗成功率,、基質(zhì)破損率作為取苗效果評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),選取缽苗基質(zhì)含水率,、振動(dòng)器振動(dòng)頻率,、吹氣氣壓為試驗(yàn)因素,進(jìn)行多目標(biāo)正交試驗(yàn),。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在給定因素水平下,,當(dāng)缽苗含水率為55%、振動(dòng)器振動(dòng)頻率為36Hz,、吹氣氣壓為0.45MPa時(shí),,取苗效果最佳,此時(shí)取苗成功率為92%,,基質(zhì)破損率為3.46%,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the complicated seedling picking and throwing mechanisms of domestic vegetable transplanter, an airblowing combined with vibration type seedlings unloading mechanism was designed based on a modified seedling tray at first. And the designed mechanism was composed of three main parts which were feeding device, vibrating device and airblowing device and each part was cooperated to complete the automatic picking up and delivering seedings work. After that, the dynamic models of seedling and seedling tray were established during the seedlings unloading process. Through analyzing the models, the frequency of vibration, the amplitude of vibration and the water content rate of substrate were three main influence parameters which had effects on success rate of seedlings unloading. Furthermore, a multiobjective orthogonal test was performed considering the vibrating device and airblowing device comprehensively. The success rate of seedlings unloading and the damage rate of substrate were chosen as the evaluation indexes, meanwhile the water content rate of substrate, the frequency of vibration and the air pressure were selected as the experimental factors. And the results indicated that when the water content rate was 55%, the vibration frequency was 36Hz and the air pressure was 0.45MPa, which were the best combination factors, led to a satisfactory result with 92% of success rate and 3.46% of damage rate. The result was able to provide a reference for automated transplanter.

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袁挺,王棟,文永雙,祝嗣朔,陳英,譚豫之.蔬菜移栽機(jī)氣吹振動(dòng)復(fù)合式取苗機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(10):80-87. YUAN Ting, WANG Dong, WEN Yongshuang, ZHU Sishuo, CHEN Ying, TAN Yuzhi. Design and Experiment of Seedlings Unloading Mechanism Based on Methods of Air-blowing and Vibration for Vegetable Transplanter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(10):80-87.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-10-10
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