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基于光學相機的植物表型測量系統(tǒng)與時序生長模型研究
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江蘇省自然科學基金面上項目(BK20161523),、福建省林木種苗科技攻關(guān)六期項目(20192021),、江蘇省六大人才高峰項目(NY-058)、〖JP〗江蘇省青藍工程項目(蘇教201842)、江蘇省333工程項目(蘇人20186)和國家留學基金委公派項目(201808320043)


Visible Camerabased 3D Phenotype Measurement System and Timeseries Visual Growth Model of Plant
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    摘要:

    為提高形態(tài)表型檢測速率,,滿足形態(tài)表型測量的標準化需求,,以擬南芥為例,,提出一種測量植物三維形態(tài)特征的方法,,并建立植物時序生長方程和可視化模型,構(gòu)建了一套經(jīng)濟實用,、面向擬南芥生長過程的形態(tài)表型測量機器視覺系統(tǒng),。通過光學相機采集擬南芥植株的二維圖像序列,利用運動中恢復(fù)結(jié)構(gòu)算法生成三維點云,;設(shè)計一種彩色標板,,基于彩色標板的坐標系標準化方法,提取擬南芥植株的點云并標準化坐標系,。與傳統(tǒng)人工接觸式測量值相比,,該系統(tǒng)交互測量的擬南芥葉片寬度、長度,、主莖長度,、葉片面積、葉片間夾角的平均相對誤差分別為9.83%,、10.10%,、1.07%,、4.09%和4.37%。利用該系統(tǒng)采集哥倫比亞野生型擬南芥生命周期內(nèi)的形態(tài)表型信息,,擬合其數(shù)學生長模型,,并使用Lstudio軟件,將時序生長模型可視化表達,。結(jié)果表明,,植物固定、傳感器移動的平臺結(jié)構(gòu)解決了傳統(tǒng)傳感器固定,、植物移動方式導致的植物抖動從而影響三維重建效果的問題,,可快速、準確,、可靠地提取植物表型信息,。基于彩色標板的點云坐標系標準化方法在每個單位時間都能夠?qū)M南芥植物對象進行參數(shù)提取,,與傳統(tǒng)的人工接觸式測量方法相比,,效率高、速度快,,可滿足擬南芥的形態(tài)表型分析需要,。

    Abstract:

    The morphological traits are important to investigate the state of plant. Measuring the morphological traits periodically during plant growing and fitting the growth model can be helpful to monitor the state and get dynamic growth rule of the plant. And growth model’s visualization can be more directly to show the dynamic changes and predict the plant growth tendency. To speed up and promote the normalization of the measurement of morphological phenotypes, using Arabidopsis thaliana for example, a lowcost machine vision system was designed which can be used to measure the morphological phenotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana during its growth process. With the growth data getting from the system, the plant growth equations and visualization model can be built. A platform was set which consisted of two main parts, fixed part for loading plant and moving part for carrying visible camera, to make sure that the plant would not shake so that can get clearer image sequences. Structure from motion (SfM) was used to get the 3D point cloud from the image sequence. Because of the weakness of SfM, which made the coordinate system generated each time different, a preprocessing algorithm to point cloud based on color panels board was designed to standardize every plant 3D point cloud model’s coordinate system as one. Under the stage for loading plant of the platform’s fixed part, a color panels board was set, which was a black board on which two red panels consisted of two linestyle and a rectanglestyle and one blue panel, and would be transformed to a part of the 3D point cloud. After filtering procedures, the areaofinterest of Arabidopsis thaliana was extracted from the original point cloud. To test the reliability of the color panels board, a 3mm×3mm blue square was fixed on the platform for a repeat trails. Firstly, three kinds of board were used, on which red panels were only linestyle, only rectanglestyle and both of them respectively, for three testing groups. Each testing group had 30 3D point cloud models from the same 10 plants and each plant was collected from three different camera perspectives. Secondly, the method to standardize every 3D point cloud model’s coordinate system was used. Then the centroid coordinate of 3mm×3mm blue square’s point clouds on each model was got, and the Euclidean distance between the centroids in each testing group was calculated. Throughout the value of contrast test, the mean absolute percentage error of leaf width, leaf length, main stem’s length, leaf area and angle between leaves were 9.83%, 10.10%, 1.07%, 4.09% and 4.37%, respectively. A timeseries morphological phenotyping data of three Arabidopsis thaliana samples were collected and used to fit a mathematical model. After that, the model was visualized on Lstudio with L-system. 

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張慧春,王國蘇,邊黎明,鄭加強,周宏平.基于光學相機的植物表型測量系統(tǒng)與時序生長模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(10):197-207. ZHANG Huichun, WANG Guosu, BIAN Liming, ZHENG Jiaqiang, ZHOU Hongping. Visible Camerabased 3D Phenotype Measurement System and Timeseries Visual Growth Model of Plant[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(10):197-207.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-10-10
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