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基于均勻板加熱法的飼料糊化參數(shù)試驗研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD0500600)和現(xiàn)代農業(yè)產業(yè)技術體系建設專項資金項目(CARS-43-D-2)


Experiment on Feed Gelatinization Parameters Based on Homogeneous Plate Heating Method
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    摘要:

    提出一種應用鑄鋁板對飼料樣品夾持加熱的裝置及方法,。通過將預調好含水率的飼料密封于自封袋中,,夾持于一組平行可控溫的鑄鋁板內,,實現(xiàn)對樣品的加熱?;谝痪S熱傳導方程、借助Matlab有限差分法,,求解得到樣品從室溫加熱到設定溫度的溫度曲線,,以此評估飼料樣品在受熱過程中的溫度分布情況。結果顯示,,樣品達到溫度均勻分布所需的時間尺度遠小于樣品糊化的時間尺度,,可實現(xiàn)對樣品熱處理時間的準確控制。在此基礎上,,以育肥豬配合飼料粉料為研究對象,,以飼料的糊化溫度、糊化時間和飼料含水率為試驗因素,,以飼料熱處理后的糊化度為評價指標,,按照三因素五水平二次回歸正交旋轉組合試驗方法,利用DesignExpert軟件回歸分析和響應面分析法,,建立了飼料糊化度與3個因素的二次回歸模型(R2=0.9420),,并驗證了回歸模型的有效性。在對飼料樣品熱處理后的色差分析中發(fā)現(xiàn),,在某些條件下,,過高的熱處理溫度并不能提高飼料的糊化度,反而會加劇美拉德反應,,導致飼料顏色加深,,影響外觀質量,。

    Abstract:

    In the study of gelatinization characteristics and kinetics of starchy raw materials, hydrothermal treatment with controllable parameters was needed, but the effect of heating methods on homogenization of temperature distribution of samples was usually neglected. A device and method for clamping and heating feed samples with cast aluminium plates were presented. The moistureadjusted feed samples were sealed in zip lock bags and clamped in a set of parallel temperaturecontrolled cast aluminium plates for heating treatment. Based on onedimensional heat conduction equation, the temperature curves from room temperature to setting temperature were obtained by using the finite difference method of Matlab, and the temperature homogenization of feed samples during heating process was evaluated. The results showed that the device could achieve full homogenization of samples temperature distribution in a short time, and the time scale for achieving homogeneous temperature distribution of samples was much smaller than the gelatinization time scale, which indicated that the time for heat treatment of samples could be controlled accurately. On this basis, taking the formula feed for finishing pigs as research material, the pasting temperature, pasting time and feed moisture were selected as the influencing factors, and the degree of gelatinization was selected as evaluating indicators, thus the quadratic regression orthogonal rotatory combination experiments were carried out. As a consequence, the order of influence of each factor on feed gelatinization degree was feed moisture, pasting temperature and pasting time. A quadratic regression model (R2=0.9420) for feed gelatinization degree and three factors was established by regression analysis and response surface analysis with DesignExpert software, and the validity of the regression model was verified. In the analysis of chromatic aberration of feed samples after heat treatment, it was found that excessive heat treatment temperature would not increase the gelatinization degree of feed under certain conditions; on the contrary, it would intensify Maillard reaction leading to the deepening of feed color and affecting the appearance quality.

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金楠,方鵬,王紅英,段恩澤.基于均勻板加熱法的飼料糊化參數(shù)試驗研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(10):329-336. JIN Nan, FANG Peng, WANG Hongying, DUAN Enze. Experiment on Feed Gelatinization Parameters Based on Homogeneous Plate Heating Method[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(10):329-336.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-10-10
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