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水平摘錠式高效采棉頭設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701402)


Design and Test of Horizontal Spindle Picking Head with High Efficiency
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    摘要:

    為解決我國棉花高效收獲問題,,設(shè)計了水平摘錠式高效采棉頭,,針對其關(guān)鍵工作部件槽形凸輪,,建立了參數(shù)化設(shè)計的數(shù)學(xué)模型,,采用Matlab中的GUI模塊進(jìn)行人機交互可視化設(shè)計,生成槽形凸輪曲線,,導(dǎo)入UG中得到三維模型和工程圖紙并加以制造,。利用ADAMS虛擬樣機仿真軟件,分析采棉滾筒線速度與作業(yè)速度之比K對摘錠運動軌跡與采摘時間的影響,,得出K和作業(yè)速度的合理取值范圍,。利用矢量方程圖解法,分析脫棉盤轉(zhuǎn)速與采棉滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速,、摘錠轉(zhuǎn)速的匹配關(guān)系,,得出其取值范圍。為驗證理論分析和優(yōu)化高效采棉頭的運動參數(shù),,搭建采棉頭室內(nèi)綜合試驗臺,,選取作業(yè)速度、摘錠轉(zhuǎn)速、脫棉盤轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗因素,,含雜率,、撞落棉率、采凈率和生產(chǎn)效率為試驗指標(biāo),,采用Box-Benhnken Design中心組合試驗設(shè)計原理,,利用DesignExpert軟件對試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行回歸分析和響應(yīng)面分析,得到最佳參數(shù)組合為:作業(yè)速度6.17km/h,、摘錠轉(zhuǎn)速4272r/min、脫棉盤轉(zhuǎn)速2109r/min,,最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下含雜率為8.78%,、撞落棉率為1.59%、采凈率為97.17%,、生產(chǎn)效率為0.467hm2/h,,并進(jìn)行3次驗證試驗,得到平均含雜率為8.81%,、撞落棉率為1.66%,、采凈率為97.21%、生產(chǎn)效率為0.467hm2/h,,試驗結(jié)果與理論結(jié)果基本相符,。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of high efficient cotton harvesting in China, a horizontal ingot picking head with highefficiency was developed. A parametric design mathematical model was established for the slot cam, which was the key working part of the picking head. The GUI module in Matlab was used to design humancomputer interaction visualization, generate groove cam curve, and imported it into UG to get threedimensional model and engineering drawings for manufacturing. By using ADAMS virtual prototype simulation software, the influence of the ratio of linear speed to working speed K on the trajectory of ingot picking was analyzed, and the reasonable range of K and working speed was obtained. Vector equation graphic method was used to analyze the matching relationship between the rotational speed of cottonremoval disc and the rotational speed of drum and ingot, and the corresponding range of rotational speed of cottonremoval disc was obtained. In order to verify the theoretical analysis and optimize the motion parameters of the highefficiency cotton picking head, the indoor comprehensive test bench for the cotton picking head was set up, and the forward speed, the spindle speed and the speed of the cotton disc were selected as the test factors, and the rate of inclusion and the rate of falling cotton were selected. The recovery rate and production efficiency were the test indicators. The second rotation orthogonal test method was used. Regression analysis and response surface analysis of the test results were carried out by using DesignExpert software, and the optimum parameters were obtained as follows: operation speed was 6.17km/h, spindle picking speed was 4272r/min, cotton disc speed was 2109r/min. Under the optimum combination of parameters, the impurity content was 8.78%, the knockdown cotton rate was 1.59%, the net recovery rate was 97.17%, and the production efficiency was 0.467hm2/h. Experiments were carried out under the same conditions. The average impurity content was 8.81%, the knockdown rate was 166%, the net recovery rate was 97.21%, and the production efficiency was 0.467hm2/h. The experimental results were basically consistent with the theoretical results.

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李騰,郝付平,韓增德,方憲法,郝朝會,劉云強.水平摘錠式高效采棉頭設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2019,50(12):63-72. LI Teng, HAO Fuping, HAN Zengde, FANG Xianfa, HAO Zhaohui, LIU Yunqiang. Design and Test of Horizontal Spindle Picking Head with High Efficiency[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(12):63-72.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-09-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-12-10
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