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油葵聯(lián)合收獲機專用割臺設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0702104)


Design and Experiment of Special Header of Oil Sunflower Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對國內(nèi)現(xiàn)有油葵聯(lián)合收獲機割臺存在的物料堵塞,、堆積以及因撥禾輪回帶導致的葵盤無法進入割臺等問題,,結合我國油葵種植模式和農(nóng)藝要求,設計了一種撥禾輪式油葵聯(lián)合收獲機專用割臺,。對分禾過程中油葵莖稈的姿態(tài)進行分析,,確定了內(nèi)分禾器寬度、長度和內(nèi)分禾器間隙,;選取不同撥禾速比λ,,對撥禾輪運動軌跡進行仿真分析,確定了撥禾速比取值范圍,,并得出撥禾輪的最優(yōu)直徑和轉(zhuǎn)速,;為降低輸送器輸送時撥指對葵盤的擊打和油葵莖稈的纏繞,設計了刮板式輸送器,;為保證良好的切割效果,,基于刀機速比γ,確定了往復式切割器切割速度,。在新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)阜康市河南莊子村進行了油葵收獲田間試驗,,當整機前進速度為0.8m/s時,,喂入量為3.3kg/s,割臺平均損失率僅為1.42%,,整機作業(yè)效率0.69hm2/h,。收獲作業(yè)過程中整機運行平穩(wěn),割臺收獲過程無堵塞,、無纏繞,,滿足油葵聯(lián)合收獲機割臺的設計要求。

    Abstract:

    In view of the problems of material blockage, accumulation and the sunflower plate can not enter the header due to the reel rewind in the domestic oil sunflower combine harvesters, according to planting model and agronomic requirements of oil sunflower in China, a special header for oil sunflower combined harvesters with low loss was designed. The analysis was carried out on the posture of the sunflower stalks during the dividing process to determine the width and length of the inner divider and the inner divider gap. Selecting different values of reel speed ratio λ to carry out simulation analysis to the reels motion trajectory in order to determine the range of reel speed ratio and get the optimal diameter and speed of reel. In order to reduce the impact of the dial finger on the sunflower disk during the conveying of the auger, and prevent the sunflower stalk getting entangled on the auger, a scraper conveyor auger was designed. The cutting speed of the reciprocating cutter was determined by the knifetomachine speed ratio γ to ensure a good cutting effect. For evaluating the actual harvest effect of oil sunflower harvester, a field experiment was carried out in Henan Zhuangzi Village, Fukang City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The forward speed of the whole machine was 0.8m/s, the feed rate was 3.3kg/s, and the average loss rate of the header was 1.42%. The operation of the whole machine was stable during the harvesting operation, and there was no accumulation and blockage of the inner and outer dividers, conveying auger feeding smoothly and without entanglement, and there was no return of the oil sunflower plant at the reel, which met the design requirements of the oil sunflower combine harvester header.

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劉巍,黃小毛,馬麗娜,宗望遠,朱云飛.油葵聯(lián)合收獲機專用割臺設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(8):83-88,135. LIU Wei, HUANG Xiaomao, MA Li’na, ZONG Wangyuan, ZHU Yunfei. Design and Experiment of Special Header of Oil Sunflower Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(8):83-88,135.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-08-10
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