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選擇性收獲機(jī)器人技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展與分析
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51675317)


Research Progress Analysis of Robotics Selective Harvesting Technologies
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    摘要:

    鮮食果蔬成熟度不一致,需依據(jù)著色,、尺寸等指標(biāo)有選擇地收獲,,是人工消耗最大,、影響產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的瓶頸環(huán)節(jié),。選擇性收獲技術(shù)是農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的重要研究領(lǐng)域,能降低人工成本并提高果蔬利潤(rùn),,已成為國(guó)際上果蔬收獲技術(shù)發(fā)展的重要方向,。近年來(lái),以白蘆筍為代表等地下部和蘋(píng)果、草莓,、番茄等為代表地上部的鮮食果蔬選擇性收獲技術(shù)進(jìn)展加快,,成為農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)器人的研究熱點(diǎn)。本文闡述了近年具有市場(chǎng)化前景的選擇性收獲技術(shù)發(fā)展與應(yīng)用情況,,梳理出技術(shù)研發(fā)的實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑,、應(yīng)用對(duì)象和發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。著重分析了末端執(zhí)行器與收獲機(jī)構(gòu),、收獲目標(biāo)識(shí)別與定位技術(shù),、選擇性收獲協(xié)同控制技術(shù)的共性關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題,歸納了該領(lǐng)域技術(shù)研究的開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題,。最后,,總結(jié)了我國(guó)選擇性收獲技術(shù)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇,針對(duì)少人化或無(wú)人化果蔬生產(chǎn)的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景,,指出了產(chǎn)業(yè)未來(lái)發(fā)展與技術(shù)產(chǎn)品化需考慮的平衡點(diǎn),。

    Abstract:

    The maturity of fresh fruits and vegetables is inconsistent, requiring selective harvesting based on indicators such as color and size, which consumes the most labor and becomes a bottleneck affecting the development of the fruit and vegetable industry. Selective harvesting technology (SHT) is an important research field of agricultural robots, which can reduce labor costs and increase fruit and vegetable profits, and has become an important direction for the development of fruit and vegetable harvesting technology in the world. The SHT of fresh fruits and vegetables, including the representative underground parts such as white asparagus and the representative aerial parts such as apples, strawberries, tomatoes, has accelerated iteratively and has become a research hotspot of agricultural robots in recent years. It focused on the development of SHT with market-oriented prospects in the past three years, and sorted out the implementation path, application objects and development context of technology research and development. It focused on the common key issues of end effector and harvesting mechanism, harvesting target recognition and positioning technology, and selective harvesting collaborative control technology, and summarized the open problem of technical research in this field. Finally, it summarized the challenges and opportunities faced by SHT. Aiming at the application scenarios of dehumanized or unmanned fruit and vegetable production, it pointed out that the future development of the industry and the implementation of technology needed to be balanced.

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苑進(jìn).選擇性收獲機(jī)器人技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展與分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(9):1-17. YUAN Jin. Research Progress Analysis of Robotics Selective Harvesting Technologies[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(9):1-17.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-09-10
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