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扁平茄果類種子導(dǎo)向振動供種裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0701301)和廣東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)共性關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(2019KJ131)


Design and Test of Directional Vibrating Seed-feeding Device for Flat Solanaceous Vegetable Seeds
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    摘要:

    針對扁平茄果類種子在供種箱振動供送下播種多粒率高的問題,設(shè)計(jì)一種帶有Y型導(dǎo)槽的導(dǎo)向振動供種裝置,。通過分析種子在振動導(dǎo)向充種板上的運(yùn)動特性,,確定導(dǎo)向充種板安裝角α為10°、振動方向角β為25°,。在不同振動強(qiáng)度下,,進(jìn)行了導(dǎo)向充種板振動特性試驗(yàn)和朝天椒種子在導(dǎo)槽內(nèi)流動特性試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,,隨著振動器電壓的增加,,各檢測點(diǎn)振動頻率保持在100Hz,沿X,、Y,、Z方向振動幅值增大,種子相對導(dǎo)槽的平均流速增大,;Y向振幅在0.45~0.54m時,,種子能在導(dǎo)槽內(nèi)形成單層、均勻的定向流動,,且各導(dǎo)槽內(nèi)種子平均流速無顯著差異,。供種效果驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明,在生產(chǎn)效率為300,、600,、900盤/h條件下,采用導(dǎo)向振動供種裝置的播種合格率均超過95%,,空穴率均低于5%,,滿足辣椒育苗精量播種要求,。本文設(shè)計(jì)的導(dǎo)向振動供種裝置可顯著提高扁平種子播種合格率、降低播種多粒率,。

    Abstract:

    Under vibrating action of the seed-feeding box, flat solanaceous vegetable seeds would gather with disordered position and attitude around suction holes of the pneumatic drum seeder because of their poor flowability. That would result in high multiple-seed rate during precision sowing for flat solanaceous vegetable seeds. Therefore, a directional vibrating seed-feeding device with a Y-shaped guide groove was designed. Based on theoretical motion analysis of the seed on the vibrating seed-feeding device, installation angle of the seed guide plate was designed to be 10°, and the vibration direction angle of the seed guide plate was determined to be 25°. Through vibrating test, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the seed guide plate excited by a linear electromagnetic vibrator was obtained. By means of high-speed photograph method, the Chaotian pepper seed was tested to study influence of different vibration intensities on seed flow characteristics in the guide groove of the seed-feeding device. The results showed that with th increase of the vibrating voltage, the vibration frequency of each detection point remained at 100Hz, the vibrating amplitude of the seed guide plate along X, Y and Z directions was increased, and flow velocity of the seed along Y direction relative to the guide groove was increased. When the vibrating amplitude of the seed guide plate along Y direction was in the range of 0.45~0.54m, the seeds in a guide groove can form uniform single layer distribution, and the seed flow velocity of each guide groove had better consistency. In order to verify the effect of the directional vibrating seed-feeding device, a contrast sowing test was conducted. The results showed that by utilizing the directional vibrating seed-feeding device, at the efficiency of 300 tray per hour, 600 tray per hour and 900 tray per hour, the sowing qualified seed rate of Chaotian pepper was more than 95%, and the seed-missing rate was less than 5%. It showed that the designed directional vibrating seed-feeding device can significantly improve the qualified seed rate, reduce the multi-seed rate and meet the precision seeding requirements for flat pepper seed.

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夏紅梅,周士琳,劉園杰,趙楷東,李志偉.扁平茄果類種子導(dǎo)向振動供種裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2020,51(9):82-88. XIA Hongmei, ZHOU Shilin, LIU Yuanjie, ZHAO Kaidong, LI Zhiwei. Design and Test of Directional Vibrating Seed-feeding Device for Flat Solanaceous Vegetable Seeds[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(9):82-88.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-01-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-09-10
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