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玉米籽粒收獲機分段式振動篩清選裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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黑龍江省自然科學(xué)基金項目(E2017004),、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD0300103)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51475090)


Design and Experiment of Segmented Vibrating Screen in Cleaning Device of Maize Grain Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對目前玉米籽粒收獲機籽粒清潔率和損失率不能滿足國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求的問題,,設(shè)計了一種分段式振動圓孔篩清選裝置。利用CFD-DEM耦合技術(shù)對傳統(tǒng)雙層往復(fù)振動篩清選裝置內(nèi)氣固兩相運動進(jìn)行仿真,,根據(jù)上篩縱向區(qū)域內(nèi)籽粒透篩規(guī)律和上篩長度,,確定合適的分段式振動篩前篩長度,并設(shè)計分段式振動篩后篩,,使玉米脫出物在前篩尾部下落到后篩之前可以被前篩上下混合氣流繼續(xù)分散,、分層,以提高籽粒清潔率,,降低籽粒損失率,。在保證分段式振動篩前篩清選性能不變的條件下,以后篩頻率,、后篩振幅,、前后篩垂直間距、前后篩水平間距為試驗因素,,以籽粒的清潔率和損失率為評價指標(biāo),,設(shè)計二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗,建立各因素與指標(biāo)之間的回歸數(shù)學(xué)模型,。利用Design-Expert 8.0.6軟件的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化算法獲得最佳參數(shù)組合:后篩頻率為4.44Hz,、后篩振幅為15.65mm、前后篩垂直間距為114mm,、前后篩水平間距為18.53mm,。在清選裝置入口氣流速度為12.8m/s、氣流方向角為25°,、清選裝置入口玉米脫出物喂入量為5kg/s時,,分段式振動篩清選裝置使籽粒清潔率提高到98.34%,籽粒損失率降至1.45%,,籽粒清潔率比傳統(tǒng)雙層往復(fù)振動篩清選裝置提高1.26個百分點,,損失率降低0.81個百分點,滿足國家篩分質(zhì)量評價技術(shù)規(guī)范要求,。

    Abstract:

    In view of the fact that the cleaning rate and loss rate of maize grain could not meet the requirements of national standards for maize grain harvester, a cleaning device with segmented vibrating screens whose holes were round was designed. The CFD-DEM coupled method was used to simulate the gas-solid two-phase motion in cleaning device with traditional reciprocating vibrating double screens. Based on the law of grain penetration along the longitudinal area of the upper screen and the length of the upper screen, the suitable length of the front screen was determined and the rear screen was designed. The maize mixture could be dispersed and layered by the combination air from the upper and lower of the front screen before they fell on the rear screen from the end of the front screen. The cleaning rate of the grains could be increased and the loss rate of the grains could be decreased. Under the condition that the cleaning performance of the front screen remained constant, the frequency, amplitude of the rear screen, the vertical and horizontal distances between the front and rear screens were taken as the experimental factors. The cleaning rate and loss rate of the maize grains were taken as the performance indexes. The quadratic orthogonal rotational-combinational simulation tests were designed. The regression mathematical models between factors and indexes were founded. The optimal parameter combination was obtained by using the multi-objective optimization algorithm of Design-Expert 8.0.6 software. The best combination of parameters were the frequency of rear screen of 4.44Hz, the amplitude of rear screen of 15.65mm, the vertical distance between the front and rear screens of 114mm, horizontal distance between the front and rear screens of 18.53mm. Under the condition of inlet air velocity of 12.8m/s and the air direction angle of 25°, when the feed rate of maize mixture at the inlet of the cleaning device was 5kg/s, the cleaning rate of maize grain was 98.34% and the loss rate of maize grain was 1.45%. Compared cleaning device with traditional reciprocating vibrating double screens, the cleaning rate of maize grain of the cleaning device with segmented vibrating screens was increased by 1.26 percentage points and the loss rate of maize grain was decreased by 0.81 percentage points, which could meet the requirements of technical specification for quality evaluation of screening in China.

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王立軍,馬楊,馮鑫,宋良來,柴進(jìn).玉米籽粒收獲機分段式振動篩清選裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2020,51(9):89-100. WANG Lijun, MA Yang, FENG Xin, SONG Lianglai, CHAI Jin. Design and Experiment of Segmented Vibrating Screen in Cleaning Device of Maize Grain Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(9):89-100.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-09-10
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