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水貂養(yǎng)殖軌道式雙排自動飼喂車設計與試驗
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國家級星火計劃項目(2013GA740002)


Design and Test of Rail-mounted Double-row Automatic Feeding Trolley for Mink Farming
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    摘要:

    針對水貂飼喂環(huán)節(jié)勞動強度大,、環(huán)境差,,水貂飼喂機械化水平不高的問題,設計了一種水貂養(yǎng)殖軌道式雙排自動飼喂車,,該飼喂車主要包括控制系統(tǒng),、行走系統(tǒng)、輸料飼喂系統(tǒng),、飼喂支撐架收展系統(tǒng),。詳細分析了飼喂過程中控制系統(tǒng)的控制要求,研究了控制實現(xiàn)方法和動作過程,,通過光電傳感器與PLC準確控制所有電機的工作狀態(tài)定位轉換,,實現(xiàn)飼喂電機工作參數(shù)的人機交互調整;設計了導向輪定軌結構,,優(yōu)化縮短了飼料輸送管路,;模仿人工飼喂時手與手臂的動作形式,設計了自動飼喂投食結構,,并進行了機構運動學分析,,確定了具體結構及運動參數(shù);設計了飼喂車收展結構,,并通過作業(yè)條件分析確定了結構參數(shù),。樣機試驗結果表明,自動飼喂車以0.6m/s速度行進,,以預設的200,、400、600g為投喂量,,飼喂車實際投喂質量變化范圍分別為165~210g,、355~427g、567~622g,,飼料堆放質量變異系數(shù)分別為6.53%,、3.78%、2.74%,,漏喂率均為0%,,滿足實際飼喂要求。該自動飼喂車提高了飼喂效率,,節(jié)約了勞動成本,,增加了飼喂車載料量。

    Abstract:

    In view of high labor intensity and bad labor environment in mink feeding links during the mink farming, low feeding mechanization level of mink in China at present, a kind of rail-mounted double-row automatic feeding trolley for mink farming was developed. The main structure of automatic feeding trolley was composed of the control system, running system, transporting and feeding system, feeding rack extension and retraction system. The control requirement for the integral control system during the work was analyzed, its implementation method and action process were studied, the working state fixed position transition of all motors was precisely controlled by means of photoelectric sensor and PLC, the man-machine interaction adjustment of feeding motor operating parameters was realized;the guide wheel orbit structure was designed and the feed transporting pipeline was optimized and shortened;an automatic feeding structure was designed by simulating action forms of hands and arms in manual feeding, the kinematics of mechanism was analyzed to determine the specific structure and motion parameters;an extension and retraction structure for the feeding trolley was designed, and the determination of structure parameters was carried out by means of operating conditions. The performance test results showed that the ranges of change of actual feeding quality were respectively 165~210g, 355~427g and 567~622g, the stacking mass of feeding stuffs on the cage were respectively 6.53%, 3.78% and 2.74%, the leakage rate for each test was 0%, the actual feeding requirement could be met, when the speed of the feeding trolley was 0.6m/s, preset feeding quantity was respectively 200g, 400g and 600g. The feeding trolley improved the feeding efficiency, saved the labor cost, and increased the carrying capacity of the feeding trolley.

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劉曙光,秦泉,李華,尹寶全,南松劍,車忠志.水貂養(yǎng)殖軌道式雙排自動飼喂車設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(9):108-117. LIU Shuguang, QIN Quan, LI Hua, YIN Baoquan, NAN Songjian, CHE Zhongzhi. Design and Test of Rail-mounted Double-row Automatic Feeding Trolley for Mink Farming[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(9):108-117.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-09-10
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