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水鹽脅迫下根系提水作用對(duì)土壤鹽分與番茄產(chǎn)量的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51879072)


Effects of Root Hydraulic Lift on Soil Salt and Tomato Yield under Water and Salt Stress
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    摘要:

    為探究水鹽脅迫下番茄根系發(fā)生提水作用的可能性及其對(duì)土壤鹽分分布和番茄產(chǎn)量的影響,,利用上下桶分根裝置,設(shè)定上桶不同水分(W1,、W2,、W3表示土壤含水率為田間持水率的60%~70%,、50%~60%、40%~50%)和鹽分條件(S0,、S1,、S2表示NaCl添加量分別為干土質(zhì)量的0、0.2%,、0.4%),,監(jiān)測(cè)分析了水鹽脅迫下根系提水量、上桶鹽分分布及番茄產(chǎn)量,。結(jié)果表明:隨著生育期的推進(jìn),,根系提水量呈現(xiàn)先增加后減小的趨勢(shì),其中鹽分對(duì)番茄根系提水量影響顯著,,在相同水分處理?xiàng)l件下,,鹽分含量越高,根系提水量越大,;水鹽脅迫下,,上桶鹽分含量與根系提水量呈線性正相關(guān),除W1S0處理外,,上桶土壤電導(dǎo)率在提水量達(dá)到最大時(shí)有所增加,;與對(duì)照處理W1S0相比,水鹽抑制了根系生長,,使根系活性顯著下降,,同一水分處理下,隨著鹽分的增加,,根長,、根表面積及根體積減小,;鹽分對(duì)番茄水分生產(chǎn)率有顯著影響,,在相同水分條件下,鹽分越大,,水分生產(chǎn)率越大,,7種處理中W2S2水分生產(chǎn)率達(dá)到最大,而其產(chǎn)量較對(duì)照并未顯著減小,,生育期提水量占需水量的17.73%,。本研究對(duì)進(jìn)一步理解作物在“上干下濕”的土壤水鹽脅迫下充分利用土壤剖面深層水分來維持上層根系生存和提高水分生產(chǎn)率具有科學(xué)價(jià)值。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to study the possibility of tomato root hydraulic lift and its effect on soil salt and yield under salt and water stress, different water levels (W1,W2 and W3 stands for soil moisture content was 60%~70%, 50%~60% and 40%~50% of field capacity, respectively) and salt levels (S0, S1 and S2 stands for NaCl addition was 0, 0.2% and 0.4% of dry soil weight, respectively) of upper pot was set to analyze the quantity of root hydraulic lift, salt distribution and yield in upper pot by a soil compartments with upper and lower pots. The results indicated that with the development of growth period, the root hydraulic lift quantity was increased first and then decreased, on which the salt had a significant effect, and under the same water level treatment, the higher the salt content was, the greater root hydraulic lift quantity was;under water and salt stress, there was a linear positive correlation between the salt content and root hydraulic lift quantity in the upper pot, and except for the control group, the electric conductivity of upper pot soil was increased when the hydraulic lift quantity reached the maximum value;compared with the control, water and salt inhibited the root growth, and thus significantly reduced the root activity, and under the same water level, root length, root surface area and root volume were decreased when salt content was increased;salt had a significant effect on tomato water productivity, and under the same water level treatment, the higher the salt content was, the greater the water productivity was, moreover, water productivity was the greatest under W2S2 in all treatments and root hydraulic lift quantity accounted for 17.73% of water demand, but yield was not significantly decreased compared with that of control. The research results had scientific and productive value for further understanding that crop could make full use of the deep water of soil profile to maintain the survival of upper roots and improve the water productivity in “up dry and down wet” condition under water and salt stress.

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盧佳,邵光成,章坤,王志宇,王靜.水鹽脅迫下根系提水作用對(duì)土壤鹽分與番茄產(chǎn)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(9):249-257. LU Jia, SHAO Guangcheng, ZHANG Kun, WANG Zhiyu, WANG Jing. Effects of Root Hydraulic Lift on Soil Salt and Tomato Yield under Water and Salt Stress[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(9):249-257.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-11-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-09-10
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