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基于評(píng)價(jià)模型的寧夏沙土春玉米最佳灌水施氮量研究
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015BAD22B05)、國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFC0403303),、國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2011AA100504)和教育部高等學(xué)校創(chuàng)新引智計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(B12007)


Optimal Irrigation and Nitrogen Application Amounts for Spring Maize Based on Evaluation Model in Sandy Soil Area in Ningxia
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    摘要:

    為分析不同水氮供應(yīng)對(duì)寧夏沙土春玉米主要評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的影響,,采用灌水和施氮2因素交互設(shè)計(jì),灌水量設(shè)置3個(gè)水平(W0.6(0.6KcET0),、W0.8(0.8KcET0)和W1.0(KcET0),,Kc為作物系數(shù),ET0為潛在作物蒸發(fā)蒸騰量),,施氮量設(shè)量4個(gè)水平:N150(150kg/hm2),、N225(225kg/hm2)、N300(300kg/hm2)和N375(375kg/hm2),,進(jìn)行了大田試驗(yàn),。結(jié)果表明:灌水量和施氮量的交互作用對(duì)產(chǎn)量、水分利用效率(WUE)和氮肥偏生產(chǎn)力(PFPN)有極顯著影響,,對(duì)地上部干物質(zhì)累積量和籽粒氮素累積量有顯著影響,;在相同灌水條件下,春玉米地上部干物質(zhì)累積量、產(chǎn)量,、WUE均隨施氮量的增加先增加后減小,。主成分分析法、隸屬函數(shù)分析法,、灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析法與基于組合賦權(quán)的TOPSIS模型兩兩之間具有良好的相關(guān)性,,各模型之間相關(guān)系數(shù)均值為0.465~0.787;基于整體差異組合評(píng)價(jià)模型得出W0.8N300評(píng)價(jià)值最高,??紤]試驗(yàn)區(qū)年際降雨量分布不均,經(jīng)回歸分析擬合得出,,當(dāng)春玉米生育期內(nèi)灌水量與有效降雨量之和為544mm,、施氮量為260kg/hm2時(shí),春玉米綜合指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)值最高(1.47),,為適宜的春玉米滴灌灌水施肥量,。本研究可為沙土地區(qū)春玉米滴灌施肥過程中水氮科學(xué)管理提供指導(dǎo)依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    The objectives were to investigate the response of yield, grain nitrogen accumulation rate, water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFPN) of spring maize to irrigation and nitrogen, and explore a comprehensive method for evaluating these indexes. The plot experiments were conducted with two factors of irrigation and nitrogen. There were three irrigation levels(W0.6:0.6KcET0;W0.8:0.8KcET0 and W1.0:KcET0, Kc was the crop coefficients, ET0 was the potential reference crops evapotranspiration) and four nitrogen levels (N150: 150kg/hm2;N225: 225kg/hm2;N300: 300kg/hm2 and N375:375kg/hm2). The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and nitrogen application had extremely significant effects on yield, WUE and PFPN, and significant effects on shoot biomass and grain nitrogen accumulation amount. Under the same irrigation levels, the shoot biomass, yield, and WUE were increased at first, and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The average correlation coefficient of the principal component analysis, membership function analysis, grey relational grade analysis and the TOPSIS model based on combination weighting was 0.465~0.787, which had a strong correlation. The combined evaluation model based on overall difference showed that W0.8N300 had the highest score. Further comprehensive analysis, considering the uneven distribution of annual rainfall in Ningxia, the results suggested that when the sum of irrigation amount and effective rainfall was 544mm and nitrogen application rate was 260kg/hm2, the evaluations of comprehensive index could reach the maximum. The research provided a guidance for scientific management of water and nitrogen application for spring maize under the local drip fertigated condition in sandy soil area in Ningxia.

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嚴(yán)富來,張富倉(cāng),范興科,王英,侯翔皓,何瓊.基于評(píng)價(jià)模型的寧夏沙土春玉米最佳灌水施氮量研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(9):258-265. YAN Fulai, ZHANG Fucang, FAN Xingke, WANG Ying, HOU Xianghao, HE Qiong. Optimal Irrigation and Nitrogen Application Amounts for Spring Maize Based on Evaluation Model in Sandy Soil Area in Ningxia[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(9):258-265.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-09-10
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