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基于離散元的馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)波浪形篩面參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)
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山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2017CXGC0219),、國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0701603-02)、山東省泰山產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)軍人才工程高效生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新類項(xiàng)目(LJNY201615)和山東省農(nóng)機(jī)化裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(2016YF034)


Parameter Optimization and Test of Potato Harvester Wavy Sieve Based on EDEM
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)分段式馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)薯土分離環(huán)節(jié)傷薯率和破皮率較高的問題,,在適應(yīng)國內(nèi)北方種植模式和農(nóng)藝特點(diǎn)的條件下,,對(duì)分離篩后半段采用波浪形篩面薯土減損分離的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。在分析影響碎土分離過程和薯塊運(yùn)動(dòng)特征的關(guān)鍵因素的基礎(chǔ)上,,基于構(gòu)建的離散元土塊和薯塊模型,,明晰了不同波浪形篩面結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和運(yùn)行參數(shù)對(duì)碎土分離過程和薯塊碰撞特征的影響;同時(shí),,結(jié)合實(shí)際工況,,驗(yàn)證波浪形篩面薯土分離減損形式的結(jié)構(gòu)合理性和可行性,確定采用振動(dòng)與波浪形雙重分離形式,,以期實(shí)現(xiàn)較佳的薯土分離和減損效果,。試驗(yàn)表明:在2個(gè)波峰、2個(gè)波谷同等分離行程條件下,,波浪形篩面傾角較大時(shí)適宜較小的分離篩運(yùn)行速度,,較優(yōu)的參數(shù)組合為波浪形篩面傾角35°、分離篩運(yùn)行速度1.0m/s,,此時(shí)傷薯率和破皮率分別為1.31%和1.44%,;波浪形篩面傾角較小時(shí)適宜較大的分離篩運(yùn)行速度,較優(yōu)的參數(shù)組合為波浪形篩面傾角15°,、分離篩運(yùn)行速度2.0m/s,,此時(shí)傷薯率和破皮率分別為1.46%和1.67%,相關(guān)測試指標(biāo)能夠滿足作業(yè)需求,。

    Abstract:

    In consideration of the fact that the high rate of damage and bruising of potatoes is the bottleneck of potato harvest mechanization process, the potato’s damage and bruising mechanism, mainly including the impact and collision between potatoes and soil buffer production of potatoes, is not clear. Therefore, it is difficult to combine high efficiency separation with low loss harvesting, resulting in large economic losses, which limits the development of highperformance potato harvester. In the present work, the damage mechanism of potatoes was studied as key point, and the high efficiency, damage reduction and loss prevention in the potato harvesting process were taken as the research objectives. Under the condition of adapting to the planting pattern and agronomic characteristics in the north of China, the separation form of wavy separating sieve was proposed, and the separation mechanism of clods crushing and mechanical characteristics of potatoes on wavy separating sieve were clarified based on the discrete element method (DEM). It was found that the large inclination angle of wavy separating sieve was suitable for the small difference of wavy separating sieve running speed. Simultaneously, combined with the actual working condition of vibration separation, the separation form of damage control device of vibration and wavy separating sieve of potato harvester was optimized. It was demonstrated that the number of cresttrough on the wavy separating sieve in the second half of the separation sieve was two, that was, two wave crest and two wave trough. As a result, under the condition of the same separation distance stroke, when the wave screen surface inclination angle was large, it was suitable for the smaller separation screen operation speed. When the inclination angle on wavy separating sieve was 35°, the separation sieve running speed was 1.0m/s, the damage and bruising rate of potatoes were 1.31% and 1.44%, respectively. When inclination angle on wavy separating sieve was 15° and the separation sieve running speed was 2.0m/s, the damage and bruising rate of potatoes were 1.46% and 1.67%, respectively. It was noteworthy that the performance indexes of the damage control device of vibration and wavy separating sieve of potato harvester met the relevant standards.

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魏忠彩,蘇國粱,李學(xué)強(qiáng),王法明,孫傳祝,孟鵬祥.基于離散元的馬鈴薯收獲機(jī)波浪形篩面參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(10):109-122. WEI Zhongcai, SU Guoliang, LI Xueqiang, WANG Faming, SUN Chuanzhu, MENG Pengxiang. Parameter Optimization and Test of Potato Harvester Wavy Sieve Based on EDEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(10):109-122.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-10-10
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