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三葉式自動(dòng)清換種大豆育種氣吸排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(GARS-04)和國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0201004)


Design and Experiment of Three-leaf Type Air-suction Seed Meter with Automatic Clear and Replace Seeds Features for Soybean Plot Test
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    摘要:

    為了提高大豆育種試驗(yàn)中小區(qū)播種環(huán)節(jié)的機(jī)械化,、自動(dòng)化水平和播種精確度,針對(duì)大豆小區(qū)育種播種機(jī)清換種技術(shù)難題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種三葉式自動(dòng)清換種大豆育種氣吸排種器,。以電機(jī)為動(dòng)力源,驅(qū)動(dòng)三葉式輔助充種清換種機(jī)構(gòu)與齒輪式排種盤(pán)協(xié)同工作,,完成相鄰小區(qū)之間的不停機(jī)快速清種,、換種和充種,。闡述了排種器基本結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理,結(jié)合育種試驗(yàn)的要求,,運(yùn)用TRIZ理論空間分離原理,,對(duì)關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行理論分析,并確定了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),。對(duì)三葉式輔助充種清換種機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行EDEM虛擬仿真,,分析了輔助充種過(guò)程,確定了達(dá)到最佳輔助充種效果時(shí)的葉片傾角,。根據(jù)小區(qū)育種農(nóng)藝要求,,以作業(yè)速度、真空度,、清換種時(shí)間為試驗(yàn)因素,,以合格指數(shù)、重播指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù),、清換種距離為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了三因素五水平二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:最佳工作參數(shù)組合為作業(yè)速度5.3km/h,、真空度4.6kPa、清換種時(shí)間0.3s,,此時(shí)排種器合格指數(shù)95.29%,、重播指數(shù)3.29%、漏播指數(shù)1.42%,、清換種距離554.6mm,,滿(mǎn)足大豆育種試驗(yàn)的播種要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the mechanization and automation level and accuracy of the soybean plot test, aiming at the bottleneck problem of soybean plot seeder cleaning and replacing technology, a kind of threeleaf type airsuction seed meter with automatic clear and replace seeds features for soybean plot test was designed. The motor was used as the power source to drive the gear seed plate and the threeleaf auxiliary seed filling and cleaning and replacing mechanism to quickly complete the nonstop seed cleaning, seed replacing and seed filling between neighboring plot. The basic structure and working principle of the seed meter were described, and key components were theoretically analyzed to determine the structural parameters based on the requirements of the breeding test. Combined with the requirements of breeding test, the structural parameters were determined through theoretical analysis of key components with the spatial analysis principle of TRIZ theory. The EDEM virtual simulation of the threeleaf auxiliary seed filling and cleaning and replacing mechanism was performed to analyze the auxiliary seed filling process and determine the blade inclination angle of the best auxiliary seed filling effect. According to the agronomic requirements of community breeding, a threefactor fivelevel quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination test was carried out, and the working speed, vacuum degree, and cleaning and replacing seed time were taken as test factors, and the eligibility index, replay index, missed index, and cleaning and replacing distance were selected as the test indicators. The result showed that when the optimal parameter combination was as follows: working speed was 5.3km/h, vacuum degree was 4.6kPa, and cleaning and replacing seed time was 0.3s, the eligibility index was 95.29%, replay index was 3.29%,missed index was 1.42%, and the cleaning and replacing distance was 554.6mm, which met the sowing requirements of soybean plot test.

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陳海濤,王洪飛,王業(yè)成,史乃煜,魏志鵬,竇玉寬.三葉式自動(dòng)清換種大豆育種氣吸排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(12):75-85. CHEN Haitao, WANG Hongfei, WANG Yecheng, SHI Naiyu, WEI Zhipeng, DOU Yukuan. Design and Experiment of Three-leaf Type Air-suction Seed Meter with Automatic Clear and Replace Seeds Features for Soybean Plot Test[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(12):75-85.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-02-05
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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