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先揉切后分離風(fēng)篩組合式花生膜秧分離裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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中央級(jí)公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)(S201918、S202011)


Design and Experiment of Fan-sieve Combined Peanut Film-Seedling Separating Device Based on Shredding and Separating
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)覆膜花生收獲后的花生秧在飼料加工過(guò)程中存在膜秧分離不徹底、損失率高等問題,結(jié)合揉切后物料尺寸特征和懸浮特性,設(shè)計(jì)了一種兼具分級(jí)、清土、輸送和除膜功能的風(fēng)篩組合式膜秧分離裝置,并進(jìn)行了膜秧分離特性試驗(yàn)與參數(shù)優(yōu)化。以上層篩風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、下層篩風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速和振動(dòng)篩頻率為試驗(yàn)因素,以除膜率和損失率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),運(yùn)用DesignExpert 8.0.6軟件設(shè)計(jì)三因素三水平二次回歸正交試驗(yàn),建立了響應(yīng)面回歸模型,并進(jìn)行優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明:各因素對(duì)除膜率影響的主次順序?yàn)椋合聦雍Y風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、上層篩風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、振動(dòng)篩頻率;各因素對(duì)損失率影響的主次順序?yàn)椋合聦雍Y風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、振動(dòng)篩頻率、上層篩風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速。對(duì)優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,當(dāng)上層篩風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速760r/min、下層篩風(fēng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速670r/min、振動(dòng)篩頻率4Hz時(shí),除膜率為91.24%,損失率為8.51%,驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與模型預(yù)測(cè)值相對(duì)誤差小于5%。

    Abstract:

    Peanut seedlings has many advantages as husbandry forage, such as rich nutrition, soft texture and low price. However, residual film on the harvested peanut seedlings that mulching cultivated would seriously affect the digestive system functions of livestock and reduce the feed utilization value of peanut seedlings. Therefore, it’s an urgent issue to carry out the research on removing the residual film from peanut seedlings. There are significantly differences on the components and suspension velocities of mixture materials that shredded by peanut seedlings shredding and residual film sucking machine, which make it difficult to separate residual film out from peanut seedlings. The suspension velocities of shredded materials are the basic characteristics during the research of improved design and parameters optimization for the device of separate residual film out from peanut seedlings. In view of the outstanding problems at present, for example, it’s hard to separate residual film form peanut seedlings and the materials loss rate is higher than that was expected. The suspension velocity measurement experiment was designed and conducted by using DFPF-25 type suspension velocity testing equipment, the physical characteristics and suspension velocities of materials that shredded by peanut seedlings shredding and residual film sucking machine were studied, and a kind of residual filmseedlings separating device of which combined centrifugal fans and vibrating sieve was designed, with the functions of grading, dust cleaning, material conveying and residual film sucking. The rotational speed of upper fans were designed to be 700~900r/min adjustable, that of lower fans were 500~700r/min adjustable, and the frequency of vibrating sieve was 3~4Hz adjustable. By using the peanut seedlings shredding and residual film sucking machine as the experimental platform, the performance test and parameters optimization of the residual filmseedlings separating device were carried out. The quadratic regression orthogonal test of threefactor and threelevel was designed by taking the rotational speed of upper fans, lower fans and the frequency of vibrating sieve as experimental factors, and residual film removal rate and materials loss rate as response values. The quadratic polynomial response surface regression models were established and optimized via the optimization modules of DesignExpert 8.0.6. The results showed that the significance order of the influence of test factors on residual film removal rate was as follows: the rotational speed of lower fans, the rotational speed of upper fans, and the frequency of vibrating sieve; the order of the influence on materials loss rate was as follows: the rotational speed of lower fans, the frequency of vibrating sieve, and the rotational speed of upper fans. The validation test results presented that the residual film removal rate was 91.24% and the materials loss rate was 8.51% when the rotational speed of upper fans was 760r/min, the rotational speed of lower fans was 670r/min, and the frequency of vibrating sieve was 4Hz. The relative error between the validation test results and the predicted values of the models was less than 5%, which proved that the models were reliable. The research result can provide reference for design and optimization of the residual film-seedling separating device of peanut seedlings shredding and residual film sucking machine. 

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楊猛,張延化,張沖,顧峰瑋,于昭洋,胡志超.先揉切后分離風(fēng)篩組合式花生膜秧分離裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(12):112-121. YANG Meng, ZHANG Yanhua, ZHANG Chong, GU Fengwei, YU Zhaoyang, HU Zhichao. Design and Experiment of Fan-sieve Combined Peanut Film-Seedling Separating Device Based on Shredding and Separating[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(12):112-121.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10
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