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小區(qū)育種播種裝備與技術研究現(xiàn)狀與展望
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0701200)


Research Status and Prospect of Plot-sowing Equipment and Technology
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    摘要:

    小區(qū)育種播種機是培育新品種,、繁殖良種和對比品種等田間試驗所用的專用播種機,。本文簡述了我國小區(qū)育種業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與小區(qū)育種機械化發(fā)展水平,綜述了小區(qū)育種播種技術及裝備的研發(fā)歷程,從小區(qū)育種的播種特點出發(fā),,結合不同作物品種和不同播種農(nóng)藝要求,,闡述現(xiàn)有條播、精播模式下小區(qū)育種的播種核心技術和工作原理,,歸納了小區(qū)育種條播排種和精密排種裝備的主要結構形式和作業(yè)模式,,闡述了國內(nèi)外供種、排種,、開溝,、覆土、鎮(zhèn)壓等裝置,,以及自動控制,、小區(qū)定位模式、實時監(jiān)測與記錄等方面的實際應用及前沿先進技術研究進展,,分析目前國內(nèi)外小區(qū)育種播種機械的研發(fā)現(xiàn)狀,,列舉我國小區(qū)育種播種技術及裝備有代表性的研發(fā)成果,從播種技術優(yōu)化創(chuàng)新完善,、機械加工質(zhì)量提升,、高新技術融合和服務模式創(chuàng)新等方面,結合我國國情提出了我國小區(qū)育種播種機械化研究方向,。

    Abstract:

    The plot breeding seeder is a special seeder, which is used in field experiments such as cultivating new variety, breeding improved variety and variety comparisons. The current situation of the development of plot breeding industry and development level of plot breeding mechanization in China were briefly described. The sowing technology and mechanical development history of plot breeding was reviewed. Based on the characteristics of plot-sowing and combining the current different seeding agronomy requirements of different crop varieties, the core technology and working principle of plot-sowing under the existing drill and precision seeding modes were explained in detail. The main structure, composition form and operation mode of plot breeding drill and precision seeding technology was summarized, which included the current cutting-edge technology and key structures of practical applications in domestic and foreign, such as seed feeding, seed metering, ditching, soil covering, compacting, automatic control, plot localization mode, automatic monitoring and recording, etc. Through analysis of development of the current plot-sowing machinery in domestic and foreign, the main typical research achievements of plot-sowing technology and machinery in China were listed. The development prospect combined with China’s national conditions of plot-sowing mechanization was proposed in three aspects, which were the optimization and innovation of seeding technology, the improvement of mechanical processing quality as well as the high-tech integration.

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尚書旗,吳秀豐,楊然兵,李國瑩,楊曉龍,陳棟泉.小區(qū)育種播種裝備與技術研究現(xiàn)狀與展望[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(2):1-20. SHANG Shuqi, WU Xiufeng, YANG Ranbing, LI Guoying, YANG Xiaolong, CHEN Dongquan. Research Status and Prospect of Plot-sowing Equipment and Technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(2):1-20.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-09-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-02-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-02-10
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