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軸流泵葉頂泄漏渦形成演化機理與渦空化分析
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國家自然科學基金項目(51776087)


Formation and Evolution Mechanism of Tip Leakage Vortex in Axial Flow Pump and Vortex Cavitation Analysis
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    摘要:

    為了掌握軸流泵葉頂泄漏渦(TLV)的形成演化機理,,評估渦形成空化條件和間隙寬度的影響,,進行了軸流泵間隙泄漏流動實驗和數(shù)值計算分析,。通過流線渦量云圖三維可視化分析,,得到間隙流動特征及其渦結(jié)構(gòu),并比較分析渦初生時吸力面的速度流線,、渦量和湍動能,。對比了不同截面的物理量分布,并對不同空化條件下空化發(fā)展與TLV渦強度之間的關(guān)系進行了分析,。研究表明:泄漏剪切帶是形成TLV的主要區(qū)域,,該區(qū)域的湍動能和渦量均較大,軸向主流與間隙射流形成對流,,促進了渦的生成和發(fā)展,,大間隙下的泄漏流速、渦強度與渦尺度更大,;TLV核心區(qū)渦旋來自剪切帶形成的剪切渦和周向的來流渦,。在大空化數(shù)下,渦與空化分布基本一致,,渦強度與空化正相關(guān),,葉頂渦空化在大間隙時延伸更遠。在小空化數(shù)下,,渦與空化位置不完全重合,,空化形成所需要的渦強度較低,易擴展形成片狀空化,,間隙寬度對空化的影響較小,。

    Abstract:

    In order to grasp the formation and evolution mechanism of the tip leakage vortex of axial flow pump, and evaluate the influence of the cavitation condition of vortex formation and the gap width, an axial flow pump clearance leakage flow experiment and numerical calculation were carried out. The three-dimensional visualization of the gap flow characteristics and the vortex structure was obtained by applying the streamline vortex cloud diagram. The distribution of the velocity streamlines, vorticity and turbulent kinetic energy on the suction surface were analyzed as the vortex at the initial generation. The physical quantity distributions of different cross-sections were compared, and the relationship between cavitation development and TLV vortex strength was analyzed for different cavitation conditions. Results showed that the leakage shear zone was the main area of TLV formation,where the turbulent kinetic energy and vorticity were large. Convection formed by the axial mainstream and interstitial jets promoted the generation and development of vortices. The intensity and scale of vortices under large clearance were larger, accompanied by greater leakage velocity.The vortex in the core area of TLV came from the shear vortex formed by the shear zone and the circumferential incoming vortex.With a large cavitation number, the vortex and cavitation distribution were basically the same, the vortex strength was positively correlated with cavitation, and the tip vortex cavitation extended farther in the large gap.With a small cavitation number, the vortex and the cavitation position did not completely overlap, and the gap width had little effect on cavitation. Due to the lower environmental pressure, the vortex strength required for cavitation formation was smaller, so it was easy to form cavitation and expand to form sheet cavitation. The TLV vortex strength was increased along the leading edge of the blade, reaching the maximum near the trailing edge, while the average vortex strength was the largest at the leading edge of the blade, where cavitation occurred first.

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張虎,左逢源,張德勝,施衛(wèi)東.軸流泵葉頂泄漏渦形成演化機理與渦空化分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(2):157-167. ZHANG Hu, ZUO Fengyuan, ZHANG Desheng, SHI Weidong. Formation and Evolution Mechanism of Tip Leakage Vortex in Axial Flow Pump and Vortex Cavitation Analysis[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(2):157-167.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-11-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-02-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-02-10
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