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灌溉水鹽分和灌水量對溫室氣體排放與玉米生長的影響
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2019YFC0408703)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51679239,、51909265)


Effects of Irrigation Water Salinity and Irrigation Water Amount on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Spring Maize Growth
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    摘要:

    為揭示地下水與微咸水灌溉條件下灌水量對土壤CO2、N2O排放和春玉米生長的影響,,設(shè)置2種灌溉水含鹽量(1.1,、5.0g/L)和3種灌水量(210,、255、300mm),,于2019年4—9月在內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)河套灌區(qū)進行了春玉米田間試驗,。結(jié)果表明,不同灌水量下,,微咸水(含鹽量5.0g/L)灌溉比地下水(含鹽量1.1g/L)灌溉土壤N2O累積排放量提高了19.86%~44.21%,,但利用微咸水灌溉并不會影響土壤CO2累積排放量與全球增溫潛勢。在相同的灌溉水鹽分條件下,,灌水量為300mm時土壤CO2,、N2O累積排放量和全球增溫潛勢均最大,灌水量為210mm和255mm時并不會對土壤CO2,、N2O的累積排放量和全球增溫潛勢產(chǎn)生顯著影響,。相關(guān)性分析表明,土壤含水率和無機氮含量是影響土壤CO2,、N2O排放的重要因素,,灌溉水鹽分通過促進土壤的硝化作用促進土壤N2O排放。在微咸水灌溉條件下,,春玉米產(chǎn)量較地下水灌溉減少了30.88%~37.32%,。隨著灌水量的增大,春玉米產(chǎn)量呈增加趨勢,,但255mm和300mm灌水量條件下的春玉米產(chǎn)量差異不顯著,。在地下水與微咸水灌溉條件下,灌水量為255mm時,,土壤鹽分累積較小,春玉米產(chǎn)量較高,,土壤CO2,、N2O累積排放量和全球增溫潛勢相對較小,是灌區(qū)適宜采用的灌溉定額,。

    Abstract:

    In order to reveal the effects of irrigation water amount on soil CO2, N2O emissions and spring maize growth under groundwater and brackish water irrigation, two kinds of irrigation water salinity (1.1g/L and 5.0g/L) and three kinds of irrigation water amounts (210mm, 255mm and 300mm) were set up in Hetao Irrigation District from April to September, 2019. The results showed that compared with groundwater (1.1g/L) irrigation, soil N2O emissions were increased by 19.86%~44.21% under brackish water (5.0g/L) irrigation, but irrigation water salinity did not affect soil CO2 emissions and global warming potential (GWP). Under the same irrigation water salinity conditions, cumulative CO2 emissions, cumulative N2O emissions and GWP were the largest when the irrigation water amount was 300mm, and the cumulative CO2 emissions, cumulative N2O emissions and GWP were not significantly affected by the irrigation water amount of 210mm and 255mm. The results of correlation analysis showed that soil moisture and inorganic nitrogen content were important factors affecting soil CO2 and N2O emissions, and irrigation water salinity promoted soil N2O emissions by promoting soil nitrification. The yield of spring maize under brackish water (5.0g/L) irrigation was 30.88%~37.32% lower than that under groundwater (1.1g/L) irrigation. The yield of spring maize was increased with the increase of irrigation water amount, but there was no significant difference under the irrigation water amount of 255mm and 300mm. Under the condition of groundwater (1.1g/L) and brackish water (5.0g/L) irrigation, when the irrigation water amount was 255mm, the soil salt accumulation was smaller, while the higher spring maize yield was obtained, and the cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions and GWP were relatively small, which was the suitable irrigation quota for Hetao Irrigation District.

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魏琛琛,任樹梅,徐子昂,張美桃,魏榕,楊培嶺.灌溉水鹽分和灌水量對溫室氣體排放與玉米生長的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2021,52(7):251-260,,236. WEI Chenchen, REN Shumei, XU Ziang, ZHANG Meitao, WEI Rong, YANG Peiling. Effects of Irrigation Water Salinity and Irrigation Water Amount on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Spring Maize Growth[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(7):251-260,236.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-09-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-07-10
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