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基于滑塊搖桿機構的柔性三指機器人手爪研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(51505280)和上海市自然科學基金項目(18ZR1421300)


Flexible Robot Hand Based on Slider and Rocker Mechanism
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    摘要:

    多指機器人手爪普遍存在指端作用力弱的問題,柔性機器人手爪也出現(xiàn)末端作用力不足的現(xiàn)象,,采用氣壓驅動的軟體手爪雖驅動力增強,但不利于手爪控制的準確性,,為此,,設計了一種基于滑塊搖桿機構的柔性三指機器人手爪。該手爪每根手指的指尖,、指中節(jié)采用滑塊搖桿機構實現(xiàn),,不僅增強了指端作用力,而且結構簡單,、易實現(xiàn),。為避免手指與目標物的剛性接觸,手指尖,、指根運動均通過彈簧來實現(xiàn)手爪的柔性;指尖驅動彈簧設計得較軟,,有利于初始接觸的柔性;指根采用腱傳動方式,指根腱采用較硬的彈簧來傳遞舵機扭力,,可保證足夠的作用力;手指表面均設計有較平的表面,,有利于粘貼觸覺傳感器。通過理論分析與計算,證明指尖可獲得較大的作用力,,并分析了彈簧的選取方法,。通過抓取實驗證明本文設計的機器人手爪具有較好的適應性和抓取能力;與本課題組前期設計的鋼絲繩耦合欠驅動式機器人手爪進行了抓取力對比測試,結果表明,,手爪的抓取力有了很大提升,,最大抓取質量達1.71kg;通過測試指端正壓力與驅動舵機旋轉角的關系以及抓取典型目標物的損傷情況,證明了設計的手爪具有一定柔性,。有關性能實驗證明了設計的手爪具有較好的實用性,。

    Abstract:

    A variety of the multi-finger robot hands have been developed up to now. However, most of them have weak force at the fingertip. Some of the flexible robot hands also have weak force at the fingertip. Although the soft hand with pneumatic actuation can have strong driving force, their control precision is low. A flexible robot hand based on slider and rocker mechanism was designed. It had three fingers. In each finger, the fingertip and the middle phalange were realized through a slider and rocker mechanism for which the force of the fingertip was strengthened. The tendon transmission was used for the proximal phalange, which guaranteed the driving force. The springs were used for the motion of the fingertip and proximal phalange to avoid the hard contact at the object. The spring that drove the fingertip was soft for good flexibility at initial contact. The spring that drove the proximal phalange was moderately hard to guarantee the sufficient force. The fingertip can achieve strong force through the mechanic analysis and computation. The analysis was performed on how to determine the springs. The experiments on grasping different common objects showed that the proposed robot hand had good adaptability and grasping ability. The experimental results on grasping force tests proved that the proposed robot hand can grasp much heavier objects compared with the former robot hand also designed by our research group. It can grasp an object with the maximum weight of 1.71kg. The tests on the relationship between the normal force of the fingertip and rotational angle of the servo motor of the proximal phalange and the destruction tests on grasping some typical objects were performed. The results showed that the proposed robot hand had good flexibility. These performances indicated the usefulness of the proposed robot hand.

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姚興田,王旭光,張磊,李紅兵,戴麗娟,陸觀.基于滑塊搖桿機構的柔性三指機器人手爪研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2021,52(8):396-405. YAO Xingtian, WANG Xuguang, ZHANG Lei, LI Hongbing, DAI Lijuan, LU Guan. Flexible Robot Hand Based on Slider and Rocker Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(8):396-405.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-08-10
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