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3YZ-80A型履帶自走式玉米行間噴霧機設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(52175212)、安徽省高校協(xié)同創(chuàng)新項目(GXXT-2020-011)和安徽省高校合作協(xié)同攻關(guān)項目(GXXT-2019-036)


Design and Experiment of 3YZ-80A Crawler Self-propelled Corn Interrow Sprayer
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    摘要:

    針對玉米中后期封行后人工施藥勞動強度大,、作業(yè)效率低,、傳統(tǒng)噴霧機噴藥穿透性差,且窄行距下機具行走穩(wěn)定性差等問題,,結(jié)合玉米種植農(nóng)藝和冠層中部病蟲害防治的要求,,設(shè)計了3YZ-80A型履帶自走式玉米行間噴霧機,,該機主要由自適應(yīng)仿形履帶差速驅(qū)動底盤、Y形雙噴頭脈沖式噴霧裝置,、噴藥監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)組成,,能夠滿足600mm以下的窄行距玉米冠層中部葉片噴施作業(yè)的空間要求。為了提高作業(yè)效率和噴霧效果,,以噴射角,、藥液嘴位置、噴施距離為試驗因素,,霧滴體積中徑D50為噴霧系統(tǒng)性能評價指標(biāo),,開展二次旋轉(zhuǎn)正交組合試驗,利用Design-Expert 8.0.6軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行方差和響應(yīng)面分析,,建立試驗因素與指標(biāo)之間的數(shù)學(xué)回歸模型,,分析了顯著因素對評價指標(biāo)的影響變化規(guī)律,得到噴管最優(yōu)組合參數(shù):噴射角為60°,、藥液嘴在噴管上的位置為610mm,、噴施距離為2.37m。田間試驗結(jié)果表明,,隨著作業(yè)速度的提升有效防控區(qū)域顯著降低,,當(dāng)作業(yè)速度在0.6~1.1m/s時,霧滴覆蓋率大于10%的有效噴施幅寬為6~8m,;當(dāng)作業(yè)速度大于1.3m/s時,,霧滴覆蓋率大于10%的有效噴施幅寬不足4m。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency, poor penetration of traditional plant protection machines, and poor walking stability under narrow row spacing in the middle and late stages of corn, 3YZ-80A crawler self-propelled corn interrow sprayer was designed according to the requirements of corn planting agronomy and pest control in the middle of canopy. The machine was mainly composed of an adaptive profile track differential drive chassis, a Y-type dual-nozzle pulse spray device, and a spray monitoring system, which can meet the space requirements for plant protection operations under the narrow row of corn leaves below 600mm. In order to improve operation efficiency and spray effect, the spray angle, nozzle position, and spraying distance were taken as experiment factors, the volume median diameter D50 was used as the performance evaluation index of spray system, the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination experiment was carried out. the variance and response surface analysis of the data were carried out by using Design-Expert 8.0.6 software, the mathematical regression model between the experimental factors and the indicators was established, and the significant factor was analyzed. The influence change rule of the evaluation index was obtained, and the optimal combination parameters of the nozzle were obtained: the Y-type spray angle was 60°, the position of the liquid nozzle on the nozzle was 0.61m, and the distance between the spray nozzle of the fog machine and the receiving surface was 2.37m. Field test results showed that with the increase of operating speed, the effective prevention and control area of the self-propelled interrow sprayer was significantly reduced;when the range was 0.6~1.1m/s, the droplet coverage was more than 10% effective. The spraying width was 6~8m;when it was greater than 1.3m/s, the effective spraying width with a droplet coverage greater than 10% was less than 4m. The research result can provide technical support for the development and improvement of narrow row spacing plant protection equipment applied to high-stem crops.

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王韋韋,謝進杰,陳黎卿,劉立超,權(quán)龍哲,劉路.3YZ-80A型履帶自走式玉米行間噴霧機設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2021,52(9):106-114. WANG Weiwei, XIE Jinjie, CHEN Liqing, LIU Lichao, QUAN Longzhe, LIU Lu. Design and Experiment of 3YZ-80A Crawler Self-propelled Corn Interrow Sprayer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(9):106-114.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-09-10
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