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黃河沿岸“非糧化”耕地形態(tài)特征識別與優(yōu)化調(diào)控研究
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國家社科基金重大項目(19ZDA096),、教育部人文社科項目(20YJCZH037)和河南省高??萍紕?chuàng)新人才支持計劃項目(人文社科類2021-CX-052)


Morphological Characteristics Identification and Optimization of “Non-grain” Cultivated Land along Yellow River Basin
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    摘要:

    以黃河沿岸的河南省孟津縣為例,,從利用狀況與坡度分布,、景觀格局與空間鄰接,、耕作距離與道路通達,、經(jīng)濟梯度與生態(tài)安全等方面,對孟津縣“非糧化”耕地的形態(tài)特征進行了系統(tǒng)識別。結(jié)果表明:孟津縣耕地的“非糧化”空間與優(yōu)質(zhì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)空間高度重疊,,耕地的非食物化利用傾向明顯,,耕地向林地調(diào)整的比重過大。由于糧作耕地和非糧作耕地在勞動生產(chǎn)率上存在較大的差異,,導(dǎo)致種植經(jīng)濟型作物的耕地規(guī)模偏小且較為分散,,無法形成規(guī)模經(jīng)濟。交通工具縮短了農(nóng)戶的耕作路途時間,,耕作距離對耕地“非糧化”的影響力度在下降,,交通干線附近分布數(shù)量較多的即可恢復(fù)地類,與近幾年的“廊道景觀工程”建設(shè)密切相關(guān),。高經(jīng)濟梯度區(qū)的經(jīng)濟型撂荒占比較大,,偏遠地區(qū)農(nóng)戶對耕地的依賴程度相對較高。生態(tài)紅線是維護區(qū)域生態(tài)安全的剛性底線,,在生態(tài)紅線之內(nèi),,應(yīng)積極實施“再野化”工程。結(jié)合新時期國家黃河生態(tài)戰(zhàn)略,,以建設(shè)復(fù)合型黃河生態(tài)廊道為目標,,提出了不同區(qū)位、不同類型“非糧化”耕地的恢復(fù)調(diào)整方案,。

    Abstract:

    Taking Mengjin County of Henan Province along Yellow River as an example, the morphological characteristics of “non-grain” cultivated land in Mengjin County were systematically identified from the aspects of utilization status and slope distribution, landscape pattern and spatial proximity, cultivation distance and road access, economic gradient and ecological security. The results showed that there was a high overlap between the “non-grain” space and the high-quality agricultural production space, the tendency of non-food utilization of cultivated land was obvious, and the proportion of the adjustment from cultivated land to forest land was too large. Due to the large difference in labor productivity between grain cultivated land and “non-grain” cultivated land, the scale of cultivated land for economic crops is relatively small and scattered, which can not form economies of scale. High-speed transportation shortens farmers-travel time for farming, and the impact of farming distance on the “non-grain” of cultivated land is decreasing. There are a large number of recoverable land near traffic trunk lines, which is closely related to the construction of “corridor landscape project” in recent years. Economic abandoned land accounts for a large proportion in economic gradient areas and farmers in underdeveloped areas have a relatively high degree of dependence on cultivated land. The ecological red line is the rigid bottom line for maintaining regional ecological security. Within the red line, the “rewilding” project should be actively implemented. Combined with the national ecological strategy of the Yellow River, and aiming at building the compound ecological corridor of the Yellow River, the restoration and adjustment schemes of different “non-grain” cultivated land in different locations and types were put forward. The research results can provide reference for the decision-making of land control work in the new period.

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關(guān)小克,王秀麗,趙玉領(lǐng).黃河沿岸“非糧化”耕地形態(tài)特征識別與優(yōu)化調(diào)控研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2021,52(10):233-242. GUAN Xiaoke, WANG Xiuli, ZHAO Yuling. Morphological Characteristics Identification and Optimization of “Non-grain” Cultivated Land along Yellow River Basin[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(10):233-242.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-06-27
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