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The goal of precise application is to achieve full coverage and uniform deposition of droplets in the canopy. However, the characteristics of crop canopy morphology, canopy closure and mechanical parameters of branches and leaves are different. It is necessary to integrate target characteristic parameters, equipment application ability, spraying environment and operating conditions to achieve the minimum dosage and optimal fogging, which can increase the utilization rate of the chemical solution, ensure the prevention and control effect, and reduce environmental pollution. The droplet deposition mechanism, detection and analysis are the decision-making basis for the optimization and control of precise application parameters, which have become a research hotspot in the development of digital and intelligent crop protection. Firstly, the droplets deposition process in canopy and its influencing factors by different application methods was analyzed. Secondly, the various research perspectives, methods and levels of droplet deposition were introduced from four directions: empirical research on deposition performance, analysis and modeling of deposition mechanism, detection and evaluation of droplet deposition, and operating parameters optimization of pesticide application. The common key issues in recent study of the interaction of droplets, branches and leaves, and airflow in canopy droplet deposition were analyzed, and the open problems in this field research were proposed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities faced by the crop canopy droplet deposition research in precision application were summarized. And it was suggested to integrate multi-source sensing technology, big data analysis and deep learning and other artificial intelligence technologies to build a digital twin of crop canopy droplet transport and deposition, so as to realize the digital description and analysis of canopy droplet transport and deposition process.