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基于光譜學(xué)原理的便攜式土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)檢測(cè)儀設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)驗(yàn)
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浙江省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021C02023)


Design and Experiment of Portable Soil Organic Matter Detector Based on Spectroscopy Principle
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    摘要:

    為快速無(wú)損獲取土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量信息,,基于光譜學(xué)原理設(shè)計(jì)了一款便攜式土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量檢測(cè)儀。檢測(cè)儀主要由機(jī)械部分,、光路系統(tǒng)和控制部分組成,,其中機(jī)械部分為檢測(cè)儀提供平臺(tái)支撐,光路部分由光源、藍(lán)寶石玻璃,、濾光片和光電探測(cè)器組成,,控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)土壤測(cè)量信號(hào)的采集和處理。便攜式土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)檢測(cè)儀工作時(shí),,光源發(fā)出光照射到待測(cè)土壤表面,,漫反射光經(jīng)過(guò)濾光片濾波后由光電轉(zhuǎn)換器實(shí)現(xiàn)光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào),再經(jīng)信號(hào)處理單元計(jì)算出各個(gè)敏感波長(zhǎng)處的反射率,,通過(guò)測(cè)量光譜反射率檢測(cè)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,。采集了北京市中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)上莊實(shí)驗(yàn)站土壤的光譜數(shù)據(jù)和土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量實(shí)測(cè)值,經(jīng)過(guò)光譜數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理后,,對(duì)比了CARS,、MCUVE、MWPLS和隨機(jī)蛙跳4種波長(zhǎng)篩選算法對(duì)土壤光譜的處理結(jié)果,,建立了土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量的偏最小二乘和隨機(jī)森林預(yù)測(cè)模型,。結(jié)果表明,基于CARS算法挑選出的4個(gè)特征波長(zhǎng)建立的隨機(jī)森林模型預(yù)測(cè)精度最好,,建模集R 2為0.923,,預(yù)測(cè)集R 2為0.888。將CARS-RF模型嵌入有機(jī)質(zhì)檢測(cè)儀系統(tǒng),,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明檢測(cè)儀測(cè)量值與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)到0.891,。開(kāi)發(fā)的檢測(cè)儀精度較高,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速檢測(cè)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,。

    Abstract:

    In order to obtain the information of soil organic matter content quickly and non-destructively, a portable instrument for measuring soil organic matter content was designed based on spectroscopy principle. The detector was mainly composed of mechanical part, optical path system and control part, in which the mechanical part provided platform support for the detector, while the optical path part consisted of light source, sapphire glass, filter and photoelectric detector, and the control system realized the collection and processing of soil measurement signals. When the portable soil organic matter detector worked, the light emitted by the light source irradiated the surface of the soil to be detected, the diffuse reflection light was filtered by the optical filter, and then converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric converter, and then the reflectivity at each sensitive wavelength was calculated by the signal processing unit, and the content of soil organic matter was detected by measuring the spectral reflectivity. The spectral data of soil and the measured values of soil organic matter content in Beijing Shangzhuang Experimental Station were collected. After preprocessing the spectral data, the processing results of four wavelength screening algorithms, CARS, MCUVE, MWPLS and Random Frog Leaping, were compared, and the partial least squares and random forest prediction models of soil organic matter content were established. The results showed that the random forest model based on four characteristic wavelengths selected by CARS algorithm had the best prediction accuracy, with the modeling set R2 being 0.923 and the prediction set R2 being 0.888. The CARS-RF model was embedded into the organic matter detector system. The experimental results showed that the correlation coefficient between the measured value and the standard value of the detector reached 0.891. The developed detector had high precision and can quickly detect the content of soil organic matter.

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崔玉露,楊 瑋,王煒超,王 懂,孟 超,李民贊.基于光譜學(xué)原理的便攜式土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)檢測(cè)儀設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2021,52(S0):323-328,,350. CUI Yulu, YANG Wei, WANG Weichao, WANG Dong, MENG Chao, LI Minzan. Design and Experiment of Portable Soil Organic Matter Detector Based on Spectroscopy Principle[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(S0):323-328,350.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2021-12-10
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