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基于單目視覺的動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境同步定位與多地圖構(gòu)建算法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(61763037,、61863029),、內(nèi)蒙古科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020GG028)和內(nèi)蒙古科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化項(xiàng)目(CGZH2018129)


Simultaneous Localization and Multi-mapping Algorithm in Dynamic Environment Based on Monocular Vision
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)V-SLAM算法是在假設(shè)場景剛性不變的條件下進(jìn)行建圖,,導(dǎo)致無法實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境建圖,,以及傳統(tǒng)算法無法克服因環(huán)境特征不明顯或機(jī)器人被“綁架劫持”而導(dǎo)致場景跟丟的問題,提出一種在動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境下同步定位與多地圖構(gòu)建(DE-SLAMM)算法,。該算法首先引入一種多地圖構(gòu)建思想,,當(dāng)跟蹤失敗時(shí)會(huì)自適應(yīng)生成一個(gè)新的局部地圖,并在回環(huán)時(shí)將該地圖與之前地圖融合,,解決算法跟丟后無法建圖的問題,。其次,結(jié)合深度學(xué)習(xí)和多視圖幾何技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)環(huán)境中的動(dòng)態(tài)物體進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)檢測,,并利用多幀融合技術(shù)對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)象遮擋的部分進(jìn)行背景修復(fù),,有效解決動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境下跟蹤建圖問題。最后將該算法應(yīng)用于實(shí)際場景進(jìn)行測試,,結(jié)果表明,,相比經(jīng)典的V-SLAM算法(ORB-SLAM2、ORBSLAMM和DynaSLAM),,當(dāng)發(fā)生跟蹤丟失時(shí),,本文算法在很短時(shí)間內(nèi)快速重建地圖并實(shí)現(xiàn)繼續(xù)跟蹤和新地圖融合,而ORB-SLAM2和DynaSLAM跟丟后進(jìn)入重定位模式,,無法繼續(xù)建圖,;ORBSLAMM跟丟后雖然可以繼續(xù)建圖,但其建立的地圖不能實(shí)現(xiàn)多地圖融合,,無法構(gòu)建整體地圖,;進(jìn)一步通過動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境測試實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),只有本文算法可實(shí)現(xiàn)所有動(dòng)態(tài)目標(biāo)(先驗(yàn)和移動(dòng)目標(biāo))的實(shí)時(shí)檢測及背景修復(fù),,DynaSLAM只能實(shí)現(xiàn)先驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)檢測,,而其它兩種算法無法實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境下目標(biāo)檢測和建圖。

    Abstract:

    In view of the traditional V-SLAM algorithm, the map is created under the assumption that the rigidity of the scene remains unchanged, leading to the inability to achieve dynamic environment mapping, and traditional algorithms cannot overcome the problem of scenes being lost due to unobvious environmental features or robots being “kidnapped and hijacked”. An algorithm for simultaneous localization and multi-mapping in a dynamic environment was proposed. Firstly, the algorithm introduced a multi-mapping idea, when tracking failed, a new local map would be adaptively generated, and the map would be merged with the previous map during the loop, to solve the problem that the algorithm cannot be built after the algorithm was lost. Secondly, deep learning and multi-view geometry technology were combined to realize real-time detection of dynamic objects in the environment, and multi-frame fusion technology was used to repair the background of the parts occluded by dynamic objects, effectively solving the problem of tracking and mapping in a dynamic environment. Finally, the algorithm was applied to actual scenes for testing. The results showed that compared with the classic V-SLAM (ORB-SLAM2, ORBSLAMM and DynaSLAM) algorithm, when tracking loss occurred, the proposed algorithm can quickly rebuild the map in a short time. And to realize the continuous tracking and the new map integration, ORB-SLAM2 and DynaSLAM would enter the relocation mode after being lost, and cannot continue to build. Although ORBSLAMM can continue to build maps after being lost, the built maps cannot achieve multi-mapping integration and cannot build an overall map; further through dynamic environment test experiments, it was found that only the algorithm can achieve all dynamic goals (a priori and moving goals). For real-time detection and background restoration, DynaSLAM can only achieve a priori target detection, while the other two algorithms cannot achieve target detection and mapping in a dynamic environment.

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齊詠生,陳培亮,劉利強(qiáng),董朝軼.基于單目視覺的動(dòng)態(tài)環(huán)境同步定位與多地圖構(gòu)建算法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(4):280-292. QI Yongsheng, CHEN Peiliang, LIU Liqiang, DONG Chaoyi. Simultaneous Localization and Multi-mapping Algorithm in Dynamic Environment Based on Monocular Vision[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(4):280-292.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-05-19
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