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基于占空比測量的谷物聯(lián)合收獲機產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)研究
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江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新基金項目(CX(20)1007)、江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機裝備與技術(shù)示范推廣項目(NJ2020-60)、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項資金項目(CARS-04-PS26),、中央級公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費專項(S202104-01)和中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程項目(農(nóng)科院辦(2014)216號)


Design and Experiment of Yield Monitoring System of Grain Combine Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對谷物聯(lián)合收獲機產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)成本高,、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜和穩(wěn)定性較低的問題,設(shè)計了基于占空比測量的谷物聯(lián)合收獲機產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),,由對射式光電傳感器,、GPS模塊、數(shù)據(jù)處理單元,、數(shù)據(jù)存儲單元和可視化單元組成,。系統(tǒng)工作時,通過對射式光電傳感器監(jiān)測刮板上谷物遮擋與不遮擋兩種電壓信號,,通過軟件系統(tǒng)處理信號中高度對應(yīng)的占空比,,利用占空比與產(chǎn)量計量模型的關(guān)系獲得產(chǎn)量數(shù)據(jù),并連同系統(tǒng)的絕對時間,、GPS數(shù)據(jù)存儲到系統(tǒng)中,。通過EDEM仿真和理論模型分析,推導(dǎo)了占空比測量值與谷物質(zhì)量的正比例關(guān)系,。利用臺架試驗對占空比測量值與谷物質(zhì)量進行了全局模型和局部模型擬合,,決定系數(shù)R2均不小于0.988。隨后通過臺架試驗對全局模型和局部模型進行模型分析,,臺架試驗結(jié)果表明,,雖然局部模型可能對固定轉(zhuǎn)速下的測量數(shù)據(jù)更優(yōu),但全局模型更具有通用性,。隨著系統(tǒng)測量數(shù)據(jù)的增加,,相對誤差逐步減小。田間試驗中對系統(tǒng)測量的異常信號進行了統(tǒng)計和分析,,為了減少異常信號對測產(chǎn)誤差的影響,,對系統(tǒng)測量值與實際產(chǎn)量進行了標定,。田間試驗結(jié)果表明,,產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)測產(chǎn)最大相對誤差為3.83%,,平均相對誤差為0.40%,,系統(tǒng)整體誤差和誤差波動均較小,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of high cost, complex structure and low stability of grain combined harvester yield monitoring system, a grain harvester yield monitoring system was designed based on duty cycle measurement, which consisted of photoelectric sensor, GPS module, data processing unit, data storage unit and visualization unit. When the system worked, two voltage signals of grain covering and non-covering on the scraper were monitored by the reflection photoelectric sensor, and the highly corresponding duty ratio in the signal was processed by the software system. The relationship between the duty ratio and the output measurement model was used to obtain the output data, which was stored in the system together with the time and GPS data of the system. Through EDEM simulation and theoretical model analysis, the direct proportional relationship between the measured duty ratio and grain mass was deduced. The global model and local model were fitted to the measured duty cycle and grain mass by bench test, and the R2 of all the fitting lines were not less than 0.988. Then the global model and the local model were analyzed by the bench test. The bench test results showed that although the local model may be better for the measured data at fixed speed, the global model was more versatile. With the increase of measurement data, the relative error was decreased gradually. In the field experiment, the abnormal signals in the system measurement process were counted and analyzed. In order to reduce the influence of abnormal signals on the measurement error, the measured values of the system were calibrated with the actual output. The field experiment results showed that the maximum relative error of the yield monitoring system was 3.83%, the average relative error was 0.40%, and the overall error and error fluctuation of the system were small.

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金誠謙,蔡澤宇,楊騰祥,劉政,印祥,達飛鵬.基于占空比測量的谷物聯(lián)合收獲機產(chǎn)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(5):125-135. JIN Chengqian, CAI Zeyu, YANG Tengxiang, LIU Zheng, YIN Xiang, DA Feipen. Design and Experiment of Yield Monitoring System of Grain Combine Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(5):125-135.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-10
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