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稻茬麥覆秸還田播種機(jī)均勻拋撒機(jī)理分析與機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31901418),、江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX(20)3066)和江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機(jī)裝備與技術(shù)示范推廣項目(NJ2019-23)


Analysis and Optimization of Uniform Throwing Device by No-tillage Planter of Wheat after Rice
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)稻茬麥機(jī)播設(shè)備費(fèi)工費(fèi)時、效率低下的問題,,對稻茬麥覆秸還田播種機(jī)均勻拋撒機(jī)構(gòu)的作業(yè)機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究,,并進(jìn)行了拋撒作業(yè)的原理分析、作業(yè)過程的受力分析,。在EDEM中構(gòu)建了粉碎后水稻秸稈的模型,,對其拋撒過程的運(yùn)動進(jìn)行了仿真分析、運(yùn)動特性研究,、運(yùn)動速度變化和軌跡分析,。在仿真分析和理論分析基礎(chǔ)上,利用Design-Expert軟件開展響應(yīng)面分析,,以拋撒作業(yè)幅寬合格率Y1,、拋撒不均勻度Y2作為稻茬麥覆秸還田播種機(jī)拋撒葉輪機(jī)構(gòu)作業(yè)的評價指標(biāo),以拋撒葉輪桿齒形打散葉片數(shù),、拋撒葉輪傾斜角,、拋撒葉輪回轉(zhuǎn)軸轉(zhuǎn)速作為試驗因素,對機(jī)具均勻拋撒葉輪機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化試驗,。軟件優(yōu)化的最佳機(jī)具參數(shù)為:拋撒葉輪桿齒形打散葉片數(shù)為4排,、拋撒葉輪傾斜角為向上傾斜15°、拋撒葉輪回轉(zhuǎn)軸轉(zhuǎn)速為1195r/min,,此時拋撒作業(yè)幅寬合格率和拋撒不均勻度的優(yōu)化值分別為80.79%和9.24%,,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了田間驗證試驗,調(diào)整到最佳參數(shù)時,,拋撒作業(yè)幅寬合格率和拋撒不均勻度的實際作業(yè)平均值分別為80.84%和9.32%,,滿足作業(yè)要求,誤差小,、符合預(yù)期結(jié)果,,說明仿真試驗結(jié)果可靠且機(jī)具作業(yè)效果良好。

    Abstract:

    In agricultural fields with full straw retention, due to the large amount of rice straw and the high humidity and toughness of the rice straw, it is difficult for the wheat to be spread uniformly after wheat planting. To achieve uniform crushed straw throwing in dense fields of rice stubble and high-quality straw mulching in dense fields, the uniform throwing device of a no-tillage planter to perform uniform throwing of crushed straw stubble on fields was analyzed and the device operation mechanism was determined. From kinematics and dynamics analyses of particles of crushed rice straw during spread uniformly, a flexible-body model of crushed straw was developd based on EDEM. By adopting the Box-Behnken design, the cover straw inhomogeneity and percent of pass for scatters width as the evaluation index was set and a response surface test was performed on the rotation speed of throwing impeller, the number of pole tooth blade of throwing impeller, angle of throwing impeller. Through a field verification test, the respective parameters for maximum implementation performances were obtained: when the number of pole tooth blade of throwing impeller was 4, the angle of throwing impeller was 15°, and the rotation speed of throwing impeller was 1195r/min, the cover straw inhomogeneity and percent of pass for scatters width by the models were 80.84% and 9.32%. The research result can provide a theoretical basis and data support for innovating seeding technologies and optimizing equipment to uniform crushed straw throwing in dense fields of rice stubble. The uniform throwing device provided high spreading performance for actual operation. Design and optimization of uniform throwing device by no-tillage planter of wheat after rice provided a theoretical basis and data support for innovating seeding technologies and optimizing equipment to evenly throw.

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施麗莉,顧峰瑋,胡志超,吳峰,高學(xué)梅,徐弘博.稻茬麥覆秸還田播種機(jī)均勻拋撒機(jī)理分析與機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(7):74-83. SHI Lili, GU Fengwei, HU Zhichao, WU Feng, GAO Xuemei, XU Hongbo. Analysis and Optimization of Uniform Throwing Device by No-tillage Planter of Wheat after Rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):74-83.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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