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大豆高速播種機(jī)側(cè)置導(dǎo)引式精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31971802)、國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000405-5)和陜西省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019ZDLNY02-03)


Design and Experiment of Side-mounted Guided High Speed Precision Seed Metering Device for Soybean
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    摘要:

    針對機(jī)械式排種器在高速作業(yè)條件下充種效果差,,遞種過程不穩(wěn)定導(dǎo)致排種器合格指數(shù)低的問題,,基于引導(dǎo)充種、縮短遞種距離設(shè)計(jì)思想,,設(shè)計(jì)了大豆高速播種機(jī)側(cè)置導(dǎo)引式精量排種器,,利用側(cè)置型孔結(jié)構(gòu)和導(dǎo)引板實(shí)現(xiàn)有序充種、穩(wěn)定可靠遞種,。對充種,、清種及遞種過程進(jìn)行了理論分析,,建立了充填力模型,確定了影響排種器性能的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)為:充種傾角α,、開口角β,;確定了型孔的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),并以合格指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)為評價指標(biāo),,采用二因素五水平中心旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn)方法,對充種傾角α,、開口角β開展仿真試驗(yàn),。結(jié)果表明:切向充填力隨位置角的增大先增加后下降,z向充填力逐漸增大到最大值,;充種傾角α,、開口角β對合格指數(shù),、漏播指數(shù)影響極顯著,,得到結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的最優(yōu)組合為:充種傾角α為11.50°、開口角β為119.05°,;臺架試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,在作業(yè)速度4~14km/h下,側(cè)置導(dǎo)引式大豆排種器合格指數(shù)不低于95.27%,,漏播指數(shù)不大于4.73%,,破損指數(shù)低于0.53%,滿足高速精密播種要求,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of poor seed filling effect of mechanical seed metering device in high-speed operation and low qualification index of seed metering device caused by unstable seed delivery process, based on the design idea of guiding seed filling and shortening seed delivery distance, a side-guided soybean high-speed precision seed metering device was researched and designed, which realized orderly seed filling, stable and reliable seed delivery by using side-shaped hole structure and guide plate. The process of seed filling, seed cleaning and seed delivery was analyzed theoretically, and the filling force model was established. The key parameters affecting the performance of seed metering device were determined as follows: seed filling inclination angle α, opening angle β; the main structural parameters of the shaped hole were determined, and the qualified index and the missed sowing index were used as evaluation indexes. The simulation test of the seed filling inclination angle α and the opening angle β was carried out by using the combination test method of two factors and five levels of center rotation. The results showed that the tangential filling force reached the maximum value and then decreased with the increase of position angle, while the zfilling force was gradually increased to the maximum value. Seed-filling angle α and opening angle βhad significant effects on qualified index and missed sowing index. The optimal combination of structural parameters obtained by optimization was that the seedfilling angle α was 11.50° and the opening angle β was 119.05°. The bench test results showed that at operating speed of 4~14km/h, the qualified index of the sideguided soybean seed metering device was no less than 95.27%, the missed seeding index was no more than 4.73%, and the damage index was lower than 0.53%, which met the requirements of high-speed precision seeding.

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黃玉祥,李鵬,董建鑫,陳旭輝,張仕林,劉研.大豆高速播種機(jī)側(cè)置導(dǎo)引式精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(10):44-53,75. HUANG Yuxiang, LI Peng, DONG Jianxin, CHEN Xuhui, ZHANG Shilin, LIU Yan. Design and Experiment of Side-mounted Guided High Speed Precision Seed Metering Device for Soybean[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(10):44-53,75.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-20
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