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自激振動(dòng)旋耕刀設(shè)計(jì)與減扭降耗性能分析
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江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(BK20210407)、江蘇省蘇北科技專項(xiàng)(SZ-YC202111)和江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機(jī)裝備與技術(shù)示范推廣項(xiàng)目(NJ2020-35)


Design of Self-excited Vibrating Rotary Tiller and Analysis of Its Performance in Reducing Torsion and Consumption
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)旋耕作業(yè)減扭降耗,,在國標(biāo)IT245旋耕刀基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了一種自激振動(dòng)旋耕刀裝置,,對(duì)其工作原理進(jìn)行了闡述。通過運(yùn)動(dòng)受力分析,,完成了其大彈簧參數(shù)選型與彈簧心軸腰型孔設(shè)計(jì),。基于DEM-MBD技術(shù),,建立土壤-旋耕刀相互作用仿真模型,,分析5種刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速下國標(biāo)旋耕刀與自激振動(dòng)旋耕刀所受三向阻力與扭矩變化規(guī)律。仿真試驗(yàn)中,,刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速為150,、200r/min時(shí),減阻降扭效果不明顯,;轉(zhuǎn)速為250,、300r/min時(shí),自激振動(dòng)旋耕刀相比國標(biāo)旋耕刀的減阻降扭效果較好,,垂向阻力分別降低6.96%,、10.41%,,且平均扭矩降低率較大,分別為9.80%和19.63%,,而轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到350r/min時(shí),減阻降扭效果下降,。通過對(duì)2種旋耕刀仿真與土槽試驗(yàn)的平均扭矩進(jìn)行分析,,得出了國標(biāo)旋耕刀與自激振動(dòng)旋耕刀平均扭矩變化曲線的相關(guān)系數(shù),分別為0.997與0.998,,基本驗(yàn)證了DEM-MBD耦合仿真模型的準(zhǔn)確性,。對(duì)土槽試驗(yàn)中采集的Y向(耕作時(shí)刀刃振動(dòng)主要發(fā)生方向)振動(dòng)加速度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行頻域分析表明,隨著刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速的增加,,Y向功率譜密度幅值總體呈上升趨勢(shì),,轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到300r/min時(shí),激振頻率達(dá)到裝置Y向的固有頻率附近,,此時(shí)發(fā)生共振,,Y向功率譜密度幅值達(dá)到最大值。即此時(shí)旋耕刀獲得最大能量,,扭矩降低幅度最大,,減扭降耗的效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    In order to reduce torsion and consumption in rotary tillage operation, a self-excited vibration rotary blade device was designed based on the national standard IT245 rotary blade, and its working principle was described. Through the analysis of motion force, the selection of large spring parameters and the design of waist hole of spring spindle were completed. Based on DEM-MBD technology, the simulation model of soil rotary tiller interaction was established, and the variation law of three-dimensional resistance and torque of national standard and self-excited vibration rotary tiller under five knife shaft speeds was analyzed. In the simulation test, the effect of drag reduction and torque reduction was not obvious at the low speed when the cutter shaft speed was 150r/min and 200r/min. When the rotating speed was 250r/min and 300r/min, the self-excited vibration rotary blade had better drag and torque reduction effect than the national standard rotary blade. The vertical resistance was reduced by 6.96% and 10.41%, respectively, and the average torque reduction rate was larger, which were 9.80% and 19.63%, respectively. When it reached 350r/min, the drag and torque reduction effect was reduced. By analyzing the average torque of two kinds of rotary tiller simulation and soil tank test, the correlation coefficients of the national standard and the average torque curve of self-excited vibration rotary tiller were obtained, which were 0.997 and 0.998, respectively, which basically verified the accuracy of DEM-MBD coupling simulation model. The frequency domain analysis of the vibration acceleration data in the Y-direction collected in the soil trough test showed that with the increase of the rotating speed of the cutter shaft, the amplitude of the Y-direction power spectral density generally showed an upward trend. When the rotating speed reached 300r/min, the excitation frequency reached near the natural frequency of the installation in the Y-direction. At this time, resonance occurred, and the amplitude of the Y-direction power spectral density reached the maximum value. At this time, the rotary tiller obtained the maximum energy. The torque reduction was the largest, and the effect of reducing torque and consumption was the best.

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肖茂華,鈕約,汪開鑫,朱燁均,周俊博,馬如清.自激振動(dòng)旋耕刀設(shè)計(jì)與減扭降耗性能分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(11):52-63. XIAO Maohua, NIU Yue, WANG Kaixin, ZHU Yejun, ZHOU Junbo, MA Ruqing. Design of Self-excited Vibrating Rotary Tiller and Analysis of Its Performance in Reducing Torsion and Consumption[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(11):52-63.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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