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穴盤缺苗氣吸式基質(zhì)剔除裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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陜西省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2019ZDLNYO2-04)


Design and Experiment of Air-suction Substrates Removal Device for Plug Lack of Seedlings Trays
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    摘要:

    針對穴盤缺苗穴孔內(nèi)缽體松散易碎導致基質(zhì)剔凈率低的問題,設(shè)計了一種氣吸式基質(zhì)剔除裝置,。該裝置首先利用深度學習模型檢測缺苗穴孔并定位,,隨后輸送帶輸送穴盤苗到達基質(zhì)剔除模塊,控制系統(tǒng)根據(jù)缺苗穴孔位置信息,,控制直線模組帶動氣吸端口到達缺苗穴孔正上方位置,,最終利用負壓吸附的方式完成缺苗穴孔基質(zhì)剔除任務。利用DEM-CFD耦合仿真方法對比分析了9種氣吸端口結(jié)構(gòu)對基質(zhì)剔除性能的影響,,結(jié)果表明,,當氣吸端口圓管直徑為30mm、收縮管高度為50mm時,,基質(zhì)剔除率高且輸送更均勻,。搭建缺苗穴孔氣吸式基質(zhì)剔除試驗平臺,開展氣吸式基質(zhì)剔除多因素正交試驗研究,,結(jié)果表明:最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為:氣壓0.5MPa,、基質(zhì)含水率50%~55%、氣吸時間為3.0s,、有硅膠墊,。開展性能驗證試驗,結(jié)果表明,,穴盤缺苗穴孔檢測模型平均正確率均值為96.1%,,平均定位成功率為95.45%,基質(zhì)平均剔凈率在90%以上,,整機作業(yè)效率為57s/盤,,滿足實際剔補苗作業(yè)要求。

    Abstract:

    An air-suction substrates removal device was designed to solve the problem of low removal rate in the hole of the plug. Firstly, the missing seedling holes were detected and located by the deep learning model, and then the seedlings were transported to the substrates removal module. The linear module drived the air suction port to above the missing seedling holes. Finally, the negative pressure adsorption method was used to complete the task of removing the substrates. The effects of nine suction port structures were compared and analyzed by using the DEM-CFD coupled simulation method. The results showed that when the diameter of the circular tube at the suction port was 30mm and the height of the shrinking tube was 50mm, the optimal performance of high substrates removal rate and more uniform delivery was exhibited. A test platform for air-suction substrates removal of missing seedling holes was built, and a multi-factor orthogonal test study was carried out. The results showed that the optimal parameter combination was air pressure of 0.5MPa, substrates moisture content of 50%~55%, and air-suction time of 3.0s, with silicone pad. The performance verification test was carried out, and the results showed that the mean average recognition precision was 96.1%, the average positioning success rate was 95.45%, and the average substrates removal rate was over 90%, the working efficiency of the whole machine was 57s/disk, which met the actual requirements of removing seedlings.

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崔永杰,朱玉桃,馬利,丁辛亭,曹丹丹,何智.穴盤缺苗氣吸式基質(zhì)剔除裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(11):140-151. CUI Yongjie, ZHU Yutao, MA Li, DING Xinting, CAO Dandan, HE Zhi. Design and Experiment of Air-suction Substrates Removal Device for Plug Lack of Seedlings Trays[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(11):140-151.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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