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青貯收獲機動定刀間隙自動調(diào)節(jié)裝置與控制系統(tǒng)研究
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山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項目(2019JZZY020615)、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701302),、山東省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)體系玉米創(chuàng)新團隊機械加工崗位專家項目和山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應用技術創(chuàng)新項目(SD2019NJ005)


Design and Experiments of Clearance Automatic Adjusting Test Bench and Control System for Silage Harvester
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    摘要:

    國產(chǎn)玉米青貯收獲機切碎裝置的動定刀間隙依賴人工手動調(diào)節(jié),,過程繁瑣且調(diào)節(jié)精度較低,尚未實現(xiàn)自動化控制,,為此,,本文提出了先接觸后退刀的動定刀間隙調(diào)節(jié)思路,設計了一種電驅搖臂偏心式動定刀間隙調(diào)節(jié)裝置,,在動刀為人字形排布的切碎裝置兩側各安裝一組,,同步調(diào)節(jié)定刀先“接觸”動刀使間隙“清零”,后退定刀,,重新調(diào)節(jié)間隙至設定值,;設計了基于振動加速度傳感器的控制系統(tǒng),通過定刀即將接觸旋轉動刀時的振動加速度信號判斷接觸狀態(tài),;搭建了青貯收獲機動定刀間隙自動調(diào)節(jié)試驗臺,,以間隙設定值和滾筒轉速為試驗因素,以左、右兩側動刀與定刀間隙的均勻性變異系數(shù)為評價指標進行雙因素重復試驗,。結果表明,,間隙設定值、滾筒轉速對間隙調(diào)節(jié)均勻性均具有顯著影響,,二者交互作用不顯著,;左、右兩側間隙同步調(diào)節(jié)誤差僅為0.12%(<1%),;滾筒轉速為500r/min時,,各間隙設定值下左,、右兩側間隙調(diào)節(jié)精度均最高,,間隙設定值為0.2、0.6,、1.0mm時,,間隙均勻性變異系數(shù)均值分別為6.03%、5.78%,、5.36%,,符合設計要求(≤10%);試驗結果表明滾筒轉速越低,,間隙設定值越大,,間隙調(diào)節(jié)越均勻。該研究實現(xiàn)了人字形排布的平板式動刀與定刀間隙的精準調(diào)節(jié)與控制,。

    Abstract:

    In silage harvesting process, the clearance between moving and fixed blades has an important influence on the shearing performance of silage harvester cutting device, which directly affects the quality of silage cutting. Although the development of domestic silage harvester markets increases mature, the key technology of clearance automatic adjusting is still lacking for silage harvester. At present, the manual regulation is still relied on, and the complicated regulating process seriously increases labor intensity, and even delays the farming time. In order to improve the mechanization and automation level of clearance adjusting for silage harvester, an electric drive rocker arm eccentric clearance automatic adjustment device was designed. One end of the rocker arm was driven by the motor to rotate with the thread shaft, and the other end was connected with the fixed blade seat. The fixed blade rotated around the rotating shaft under the drive of the rocker arm, so as to realize the adjustment of the appropriate gap. A clearance control system based on vibration acceleration sensor was developed, and the contact state was judged by vibration acceleration signal when the fixed blade and moving blade contacted. For checking the rationality of the clearance automatic adjustment device structure and the accuracy of the control system, indoor tests were carried out at three clearance measured values of 0.2mm, 0.6mm and 1.0mm, and three chopping cylinder rotating speeds of 500r/min, 800r/min and 1100r/min. Test results showed that the clearance measured value and chopping cylinder rotating speed had a very significant effect on the clearance uniformity between the moving blade and fixed blade by the analysis of variance. With the increase of rotating speed of chopping cylinder, the variation coefficient of the clearance uniformity between the moving blade and fixed blade was increased. With the increase of clearance measured value, the variation coefficient of the clearance uniformity was decreased. The precision of left and right clearance synchronization adjusting was high, while the highest error was only 0.12%(<1%).When the rotating speed of chopping cylinder was 500r/min, and the clearance measured value was 0.2mm, 0.6mm and 1.0mm, respectively, the variation coefficient of the clearance uniformity between the moving blade and fixed blade was 6.03%, 5.78% and 5.36%, respectively. The device and its control system realized precise clearance regulation and control, which provided technical support for the intelligent control of domestic silage harvesting device.

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陳美舟,徐廣飛,宋志才,魏懋健,刁培松,辛世界.青貯收獲機動定刀間隙自動調(diào)節(jié)裝置與控制系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(11):188-196. CHEN Meizhou, XU Guangfei, SONG Zhicai, WEI Maojian, DIAO Peisong, XIN Shijie. Design and Experiments of Clearance Automatic Adjusting Test Bench and Control System for Silage Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(11):188-196.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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