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生物炭種類與施量對新復(fù)墾區(qū)土壤水分入滲過程的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51609209)和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部節(jié)水灌溉工程重點實驗室開放項目(FIRI202002-0301)


Effect of Biochar Species and Application Amounts on Soil Water Infiltration of Newly Reclaimed Area
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    摘要:

    為探究不同種類生物炭與其施量對新復(fù)墾區(qū)土壤水分入滲過程的影響,,設(shè)置2個生物炭種類(玉米秸稈生物炭A,、水稻稻殼生物炭B)和3個施量梯度(2%、4%和8%)以及不施加生物炭(CK)共7個處理,,進(jìn)行垂直一維積水入滲試驗,。結(jié)果表明:除低施量水稻稻殼生物炭處理(B2)外,,添加生物炭延緩了新復(fù)墾區(qū)土壤水分入滲過程,玉米秸稈生物炭優(yōu)于水稻稻殼生物炭,。添加2%,、4%和8%玉米秸稈生物炭處理(A2、A4,、A8)隨施量增加,,入滲時間逐漸延長,與CK相比,,入滲時間分別延長35.0%,、46.0%和59.1%;而水稻稻殼生物炭組中僅4%施量處理(B4)延緩了水分入滲,,入滲時間較CK增加28.5%,。同時,添加生物炭降低了土壤初始入滲率及相同入滲時間內(nèi)的濕潤鋒運(yùn)移距離和累積入滲量,,生物炭種類及其施量對這3項指標(biāo)的影響與對入滲時間的影響規(guī)律相似,。添加生物炭均提高了土壤表層含水率,增幅2.2%~20.3%,,且兩種生物炭在高施量處理條件下土壤保水能力明顯優(yōu)于中,、低施量。濕潤鋒運(yùn)移距離與時間符合冪函數(shù)關(guān)系,,Philip模型能較好地模擬不同種類及施量生物炭處理下新復(fù)墾土壤的水分入滲過程,。總體來講,,添加8%玉米秸稈生物炭處理有利于改善新復(fù)墾區(qū)土壤水分下滲快,、保水能力弱的問題。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to study the effects of different biochar species and their application amounts on soil water infiltration in newly reclaimed area, a vertical one-dimensional water infiltration experiment was conducted with two biochar species (corn stalk biochar A and rice husk biochar B) and three application amounts gradients (2%, 4% and 8%) and no biochar application (CK) in seven treatments. The results showed that except for low-application amount of rice husk biochar treatment (B2), the addition of biochar delayed the process of soil water infiltration in the newly reclaimed area, and corn stalk biochar was superior to rice husk biochar. The infiltration time of the treatments (A2, A4 and A8) with the addition of 2%, 4% and 8% corn straw stalk biochar was gradually increased with the application rate, and compared with that of CK, the infiltration time was increased by 35.0%, 46.0% and 59.1%, respectively. However, only the 4% application amount treatment (B4) in the rice husk biochar group delayed water infiltration, and the infiltration time was increased by 28.5% compared with that of CK. Meanwhile, the addition of biochar reduced the initial infiltration rate of soil and the migration distance and cumulative infiltration of wetting fronts within the same infiltration time, and the effects of biochar species and its application amounts on these three indicators were similar to the effects on infiltration time. Both biochar additions increased the soil surface water content by percentages ranging from about 2.2% to 20.3%, and the soil water retention capacity of both biochar was significantly better under the high application amount treatment conditions than the medium and low application amounts. The distance and time of wetting front migration were in accordance with the power function, and the Philip model can better simulate the water infiltration process of newly reclaimed soils under different species and application amounts of biochar treatment. In general, the treatment of corn stalk biochar addition at 8% was beneficial to improve the problem of rapid soil water infiltration and weak water retention capacity in newly reclaimed areas, which was a more recommended choice for rapid maturation and utilization of newly reclaimed areas.

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王娟,陳安全,宋文瑾,趙一凡,謝嘉華,孟雷翔.生物炭種類與施量對新復(fù)墾區(qū)土壤水分入滲過程的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(11):388-394. WANG Juan, CHEN Anquan, SONG Wenjin, ZHAO Yifan, XIE Jiahua, MENG Leixiang. Effect of Biochar Species and Application Amounts on Soil Water Infiltration of Newly Reclaimed Area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(11):388-394.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-11-10
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