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馬鈴薯收獲機輥組式薯土分離裝置設計與試驗
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財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系建設項目(CARS-09-P32)


Design and Experiment of Roller Group Type Potato Soil Separator for Potato Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對目前傳統(tǒng)馬鈴薯收獲機分離裝置存在傷薯率高、去土率低以及分離裝置結構形式單一且調節(jié)不便的問題,,設計了一款由聚氨酯材料構成的左右螺旋對稱式去土輥與可調節(jié)式光輥交替排列組合的馬鈴薯收獲機輥組式輸送分離裝置,。通過針對機體結構的動力學分析、薯土分離的耦合機理分析和去土過程馬鈴薯之間碰撞離散分析,,確定了影響馬鈴薯收獲機輥組式輸送分離裝置傷薯率和去土率的關鍵因素,,并對其進行試驗,以傷薯率和去土率為試驗指標,,以去土輥和光輥間距和轉速,、輸送分離裝置傾斜角為試驗因素,根據(jù)正交試驗結果建立數(shù)學回歸模型并進行響應面分析和參數(shù)化分析,,確定當去土輥與光輥間距為16.5mm,、去土輥轉速為100r/min,、光輥轉速為100r/min、分離裝置傾斜角為8°時,,傷薯率為0.64%,,去土率為97.1%。與傳統(tǒng)馬鈴薯收獲機分離裝置相比,,傷薯率下降0.12個百分點,,去土率上升2.6個百分點,該裝置能更好地滿足輸送分離要求,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of high potato damage rate, low soil removal rate, single structure and inconvenient adjustment of the separation device of the traditional potato harvester, a left and right spiral symmetrical soil removal roller and adjustable type made of polyurethane material were designed. The smooth rollers were alternately arranged and combined in the potato harvester roller group conveying and separating device. Through the dynamic analysis of the machine body structure, the coupling mechanism analysis of potato-soil separation and the discrete analysis of the collision between potatoes in the soil removal process, the key factors affecting the potato damage rate and soil removal rate of the roller-type conveying and separating device of the potato harvester were determined. And it was tested, taking the potato damage rate and soil removal rate as the test index, taking the distance between the soil removal roller and the smooth roller, the rotation speed and the inclination angle of the conveying separation device as the experimental factors, a mathematical regression model was established for the orthogonal test results, and a response surface analysis was carried out. Through analysis and parametric analysis, it was determined that when the distance between the soil removal roller and the smooth roller was 16.5mm, the speed of the soil removal roller was 100r/min, the speed of the smooth roller was 100r/min, and the inclination angle of the separation device was 8°, the damage potato rate was 0.64%, and soil removal rate was 97.1%. Compared with the traditional potato harvester separation device, the potato damage rate was decreased by 0.12 percentage points, and the soil removal rate was increased by 2.6 percentage points. The device can meet the requirements of conveying separation.

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楊然兵,田光博,尚書旗,王炳軍,張建,翟宇鳴.馬鈴薯收獲機輥組式薯土分離裝置設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(2):107-118. YANG Ranbing, TIAN Guangbo, SHANG Shuqi, WANG Bingjun, ZHANG Jian, ZHAI Yuming. Design and Experiment of Roller Group Type Potato Soil Separator for Potato Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(2):107-118.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-04-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-05
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