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基于DNDC的夏玉米農田控氨穩(wěn)產氮肥和秸稈措施優(yōu)化
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國家自然科學基金項目(51879223)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC0400201)


Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Straw Measures to Control Ammonia and Stabilize Nitrogen Yield in Summer Maize Farmland Based on DNDC Model
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    摘要:

    為明確未來氣候條件下關中地區(qū)夏玉米農田適宜的施肥-秸稈措施以控氨穩(wěn)產及應對氣候變化,基于2019—2020年大田試驗,,進行不同氮肥種類和不同秸稈還田模式對農田土壤氨揮發(fā)和作物產量的影響研究,。根據田間實測數據對DNDC模型進行校正與驗證,利用驗證后模型模擬未來氣候條件下不同施肥-秸稈措施對夏玉米產量及土壤氨揮發(fā)累積量的影響,,綜合考慮產量和生產單位產量玉米的土壤氨揮發(fā)累積量,,最終提出未來氣候條件下關中地區(qū)夏玉米農田的優(yōu)化控氨穩(wěn)產施肥-秸稈措施。結果表明:校正后的DNDC模型可以很好地模擬不同施肥-秸稈措施條件下夏玉米生長和農田土壤氨揮發(fā)累積量,。在未來氣候條件下,,秸稈還田會顯著提高夏玉米產量并降低生產單位產量玉米的土壤氨揮發(fā)累積量。在RCP4.5排放情景下,,未來2030—2090年,,秸稈全量還田配施180kg/hm2穩(wěn)定性氮肥生產單位產量玉米的土壤氨揮發(fā)累積量較低且產量較高;在RCP8.5排放情景下,,未來2030—2050年和2070—2090年,,秸稈全量還田配施180kg/hm2穩(wěn)定性氮肥和秸稈全量還田配施162kg/hm2穩(wěn)定性氮肥生產單位產量玉米的土壤氨揮發(fā)累積量較低且產量較高。因此,,在RCP4.5排放情景下,,秸稈全量還田配施180kg/hm2穩(wěn)定性氮肥為關中地區(qū)2030—2090年較為優(yōu)化的控氨穩(wěn)產施肥-秸稈措施;在RCP8.5排放情景下,,秸稈全量還田配施180kg/hm2穩(wěn)定性氮肥和秸稈全量還田配施162kg/hm2穩(wěn)定性氮肥分別為關中地區(qū)2030—2050年和2070—2090年較為優(yōu)化的控氨穩(wěn)產施肥-秸稈措施,。本研究可為關中地區(qū)實現農業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展及穩(wěn)產減排提供參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to clarify the significance of suitable fertilization straw measures for summer maize farmland in Guanzhong region in the future climate conditions to control ammonia and stabilize yield and cope with climate change, based on the two-year field experiment conducted in 2019—2020, the impact of different nitrogen fertilizer types and different straw returning modes on soil ammonia volatilization and crop yield in farmland was studied. The DNDC model was calibrated and validated according to the field measured data, and the validated model was used to simulate the effects of different fertilization-straw measures on summer maize yield and soil ammonia volatilization accumulation under future climatic conditions. Taking into account the yield and the cumulative amount of soil ammonia volatilization of maize per production unit, the optimal ammonia control and stable yield fertilization-straw measures for summer maize farmland in Guanzhong area under future climatic conditions were finally put forward. The results showed that the corrected DNDC model could well simulate summer maize growth and soil ammonia volatilization accumulation under different fertilization-straw measures. Under future climatic conditions, straw returning would significantly increase summer maize yield and reduce soil ammonia volatilization accumulation per unit yield of maize. Under the RCP4.5 emission scenario, in the future from 2030 to 2090, the soil ammonia volatilization accumulation amount per unit yield of maize was lower and the yield was higher when the full amount of straw was returned to the field and 180kg/hm2stable nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the field. Under the RCP8.5 emission scenario, in the future of 2030—2050 and 2070—2090, the full amount of straw was returned to the field with 180kg/hm2 of stable nitrogen fertilizer and the full amount of straw was returned to the field with 162kg/hm2 of stable nitrogen fertilizer production unit, the soil ammonia volatilization accumulation in yield maize was lower and yield was higher. Therefore, under the RCP4.5 emission scenario, the full amount of straw returned to the field and the application of 180kg/hm2 stable nitrogen fertilizer was more optimal fertilization-straw measure for controlling ammonia production and stabilizing production in Guanzhong area from 2030 to 2090. Under the RCP8.5 emission scenario, the combination of 180kg/hm2 stable nitrogen fertilizer and 162kg/hm2 stable nitrogen fertilizer combined with the full amount of straw returning to the field were the optimal fertilization-straw measures for 2030—2050 and 2070—2090 in Guanzhong area, respectively. The results can provide a reference for the realization of sustainable agricultural development and stable yield and emission reduction in Guanzhong area.

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趙政鑫,王曉云,田雅潔,王銳,彭青,蔡煥杰.基于DNDC的夏玉米農田控氨穩(wěn)產氮肥和秸稈措施優(yōu)化[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(2):341-350. ZHAO Zhengxin, WANG Xiaoyun, TIAN Yajie, WANG Rui, PENG Qing, CAI Huanjie. Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Straw Measures to Control Ammonia and Stabilize Nitrogen Yield in Summer Maize Farmland Based on DNDC Model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(2):341-350.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-04-22
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