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水稻秸稈雙軸深埋還田機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32071910)和國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD200060502)


Design and Experiment of Rice Straw Biaxial Deep-buried Returning Machine
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    摘要:

    針對北方寒地稻田在秸稈還田作業(yè)時,傳統(tǒng)單軸機(jī)具難以適應(yīng)覆有大量秸稈的濕黏土壤條件,,作業(yè)質(zhì)量難以滿足實(shí)際作業(yè)需求的問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種前軸正旋、后軸反旋的新型水稻秸稈雙軸深埋還田機(jī),。結(jié)合實(shí)際農(nóng)藝要求及土壤運(yùn)動過程確定前后刀軸中心水平距離650mm,、豎直距離100mm,并對整機(jī)進(jìn)行配置,。運(yùn)用EDEM仿真軟件模擬還田機(jī)工作過程,,以前進(jìn)速度、前軸轉(zhuǎn)速,、后軸轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗(yàn)因素,以秸稈還田率和機(jī)具功耗為評價指標(biāo)進(jìn)行正交試驗(yàn),,建立秸稈還田率及機(jī)具功耗回歸方程,。利用Design-Expert分析軟件得到最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合,根據(jù)仿真優(yōu)化結(jié)果及實(shí)際加工需求確定最優(yōu)工作參數(shù)為:前進(jìn)速度1.5km/h,、前軸轉(zhuǎn)速274.2r/min,、后軸轉(zhuǎn)速219.4r/min,為后續(xù)田間試驗(yàn)提供理論支撐,。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,在留茬高度為15~20cm、地表秸稈覆蓋量為468~578g/m2、拖拉機(jī)前進(jìn)作業(yè)速度為低速1擋(1.5km/h)時,,水稻秸稈雙軸深埋還田機(jī)還田率為88.7%~91.2%,、地面平整度為1.8~2.4cm、碎土率為97.7%~98.8%,、耕深為16.6~19.5cm,,各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均滿足農(nóng)藝要求;與傳統(tǒng)單軸機(jī)具相比,,水稻秸稈雙軸深埋還田機(jī)提高了秸稈還田率,、碎土率,同時未見機(jī)具前方壅土現(xiàn)象,。

    Abstract:

    In view of the problems that traditional singleaxis machines are difficult to adapt to the wet and clay soil conditions covered with a large amount of straw when straw is returned to the rice field in the northern cold region, the problem that the quality of work is difficult to meet the needs of actual work. A type of rice straw double-shaft deep-buried returning machine with forward rotation of the front shaft and reverse rotation of the rear shaft was designed. Combined with the actual agronomic requirements and the soil movement process, the horizontal distance between the center of the front and rear knife shafts was 650mm and the vertical distance was 100mm, and the whole machine was configured. The EDEM simulation software was used to simulate the working process of the field returning machine. Taking the forward speed, front axle speed and rear axle speed as the test factors, and taking the straw returning rate and the power consumption of the machine as the evaluation indicators, an orthogonal test was carried out to establish the straw returning rate and the machine tool power consumption regression equation. Design-Expert analysis software was used to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and the optimal working parameters were determined according to the simulation optimization results and actual processing requirements: forward speed was 1.5km/h, front axle speed was 274.2r/min, rear axle speed was 219.4r/min, providing theoretical support for subsequent field experiments. The field test results showed that when the stubble height was 15~20cm, the surface straw coverage was 468~578g/m2, and the forward working speed of the tractor was the first gear of low speed (1.5km/h), the rice straw biaxial deep burial returning machine can still be used. The field rate was 88.7%~91.2%, the ground flatness was 1.8~2.4cm, the broken soil rate was 97.7%~98.8%, and the tillage depth was 16.6~19.5cm. All indicators met the agronomic requirements, which improved the straw returning rate and the broken soil rate, at the same time, there was no phenomenon of stagnant soil in front of the machine.

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王金峰,楊東澤,王震濤,付佐棟,王金武,翁武雄.水稻秸稈雙軸深埋還田機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(4):21-30. WANG Jinfeng, YANG Dongze, WANG Zhentao, FU Zuodong, WANG Jinwu, WENG Wuxiong. Design and Experiment of Rice Straw Biaxial Deep-buried Returning Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(4):21-30.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-09-22
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