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基于三維激光雷達(dá)與優(yōu)化DBSCAN算法的果樹定位方法
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32171908),、江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機(jī)裝備與技術(shù)示范推廣項(xiàng)目(NJ2021-14)和江蘇高校優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)科項(xiàng)目(PAPD)


Fruit Tree Location Method Based on 3D LiDAR and Optimized DBSCAN Algorithm
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    摘要:

    為提高果園噴霧機(jī)器人在果園行間行走的自主性和安全性,,提出一種基于三維激光雷達(dá)與優(yōu)化DBSCAN算法的果樹定位方法。首先,,采用三維激光雷達(dá)獲取果園的環(huán)境信息,,通過感興趣區(qū)域提取、地面點(diǎn)云分割和體素濾波降采樣對(duì)原始點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,;然后,,對(duì)DBSCAN算法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,構(gòu)建KD樹索引有序化實(shí)時(shí)點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù),,并使用KD樹最近鄰搜索替代傳統(tǒng)DBSCAN算法的遍歷搜索方式,,最后根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)到激光雷達(dá)的距離自適應(yīng)確定聚類密度閾值,實(shí)現(xiàn)行間不同距離的果樹檢測(cè),;最后,,以果樹聚類結(jié)果的冠層邊緣點(diǎn)為果樹的定位參考點(diǎn),,得到果樹定位參考點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo),計(jì)算果園噴霧機(jī)器人與果樹的相對(duì)位置,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:優(yōu)化的DBSCAN算法相較于傳統(tǒng)DBSCAN算法檢測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確性和實(shí)時(shí)性均有明顯提升,,果樹的橫向定位平均誤差為2.6%,縱向定位平均誤差為1.6%,。該方法能夠滿足果園噴霧機(jī)器人在行間果樹定位的準(zhǔn)確性和實(shí)時(shí)性要求,,為精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)裝備在林果園環(huán)境下的自主導(dǎo)航和作業(yè)提供有效參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the autonomy and safety of orchard spray robot walking among orchard rows, a fruit tree location method based on 3D LiDAR and optimized DBSCAN algorithm was proposed. Firstly, the three-dimensional LiDAR was used to obtain the environmental information of the orchard in real time, and the original data was preprocessed by region of interest extraction, ground point cloud segmentation and voxel filtering. Then, the DBSCAN algorithm was optimized, the KD tree index was constructed to order the real-time point cloud data, and the KD tree nearest neighbor search was used to replace the traversal search method of the traditional DBSCAN algorithm. Finally, the clustering results of fruit trees were marked with reference position. Taking the midpoint of the x-axis of the plane between the rows where the clustering results faced as reference point, the point to the xoy plane of the chassis height of the orchard spray robot was projected, and the coordinates of the positioning reference point of the fruit trees were obtained, so as to calculate the relative position between the orchard spray robot and the fruit trees. The experimental results showed that compared with the traditional DBSCAN algorithm, the accuracy and real-time performance of the optimized DBSCAN algorithm were significantly improved. Based on the optimized DBSCAN algorithm, the average horizontal positioning error of fruit trees was 2.6%, and the average vertical positioning error of fruit trees was 1.6%. When the orchard spray robot traveled between rows, this method can meet the accuracy and real-time requirements of fruit tree positioning, and it can provide effective reference for precision agriculture equipment in autonomous navigation and operation in forest orchard environment. 

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劉超,陳錦明,劉慧,肖鑫樺,沈躍.基于三維激光雷達(dá)與優(yōu)化DBSCAN算法的果樹定位方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(4):214-221,240. LIU Chao, CHEN Jinming, LIU Hui, XIAO Xinhua, SHEN Yue. Fruit Tree Location Method Based on 3D LiDAR and Optimized DBSCAN Algorithm[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(4):214-221,240.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-05-31
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