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基于低成本慣導(dǎo)和運動約束的農(nóng)機高精度定位系統(tǒng)研究
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教育部-中國移動科研基金項目(MCM2020—J-2)


High-precision Localization of Autonomous Agricultural Machinery Using Low-cost IMU and Motion Constraints
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    摘要:

    北斗定位系統(tǒng)(BDS)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)厘米級的定位,,在農(nóng)機導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中獲得了廣泛應(yīng)用,。然而,,單純的衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)存在一些局限性,,比如易受外界遮擋、數(shù)據(jù)頻率低等,。因此,,在導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中集成慣性元件并發(fā)展組合導(dǎo)航技術(shù)成為重要研究方向??紤]到高性能慣導(dǎo)成本很高,,不利于推廣應(yīng)用,本文研究了農(nóng)業(yè)場景下,,使用低成本慣導(dǎo)和BDS構(gòu)成組合導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),。為提高定位精度,解決由BDS中斷導(dǎo)致誤差發(fā)散的問題,,設(shè)計了零速修正,。同時,,分析了BDS/INS組合導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)中航向角誤差不可觀測的原因和誤差來源,設(shè)計了航向約束方法,。當BDS信息可用時,,利用雙天線航向角信息來抑制航向角誤差的累積;當BDS中斷時,,使用零角速度修正,。通過現(xiàn)場實驗驗證,當BDS可用時,,零速修正可以將位置,、速度和水平姿態(tài)的精度分別提高20%、40%和15%以上,,航向約束可以將航向角精度提高90%以上,;BDS中斷時,零速修正可以將位置,、速度的精度提高90%以上,,水平姿態(tài)的精度提高80%以上,航向約束可以將航向角精度提高40%以上,。

    Abstract:

    The Beidou positioning system (BDS) can achieve centimeter level positioning, and has been widely used in agricultural machinery navigation systems. However, a simple satellite positioning system has some limitations, such as being vulnerable to external occlusion and low data frequency. Therefore, integrating inertial components and developing integrated navigation technology in navigation systems is an important trend. Considering the high cost of high-performance inertial navigation, which is not conducive to promotion and application, the use of low-cost inertial navigation and BDS was studied to constitute an integrated navigation system in agricultural scenarios. In order to improve positioning accuracy and solve the problem of error divergence caused by BDS interruption, zero speed correction was designed. At the same time, the causes and sources of unobservable heading angle errors in the BDS/INS integrated navigation system were analyzed, and a heading constraint method was designed. When BDS information was available, dual antenna heading angle information was used to suppress the accumulation of heading angle errors. When BDS was interrupted, zero angular velocity correction was used. Field experiments verified that when BDS was available, zero speed correction can improve the accuracy of position, velocity, and horizontal attitude by more than 20%, 40%, and 15%, respectively. Heading constraints can improve the accuracy of heading angle by more than 90%. When BDS was interrupted, zero speed correction can improve the accuracy of position and speed by more than 90%, horizontal attitude accuracy by more than 80%, and heading constraint can improve the accuracy of heading angle by more than 40%. 

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袁洪良,楊浚宇,唐睿,杜建偉.基于低成本慣導(dǎo)和運動約束的農(nóng)機高精度定位系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(7):17-25. YUAN Hongliang, YANG Junyu, TANG Rui, DU Jianwei. High-precision Localization of Autonomous Agricultural Machinery Using Low-cost IMU and Motion Constraints[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(7):17-25.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-07-10
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