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活立木莖干水分狀況實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)傳感器研究
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020YFD1000500)和河北省產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(205A7603D)


Study of Real-time Detection Sensor for Stem Moisture Status of Living Tree
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    摘要:

    活立木莖干水分狀況是植物生命狀態(tài)的有效體現(xiàn),,其中莖干含水率(Stem water content,StWC)和液流密度(Sap flux density,,SFD)是研究植物體內(nèi)水分變化規(guī)律的重要參數(shù),。準(zhǔn)確檢測(cè)活立木莖干同一空間位置的含水率和液流密度可以更有效地分析2個(gè)參數(shù)的關(guān)系,、評(píng)估植物生長(zhǎng)狀況,。將基于駐波率(Standing wave ratio,,SWR)原理的莖干水分檢測(cè)方法和基于熱比率法(Heat ratio method,HRM)原理的莖干液流檢測(cè)方法結(jié)合,,設(shè)計(jì)了活立木莖干含水率和液流復(fù)合參數(shù)檢測(cè)傳感器,,復(fù)合傳感器的含水率檢測(cè)單元和液流檢測(cè)單元復(fù)用一套三針式探針,可對(duì)活立木莖干同一位置的含水率和液流實(shí)時(shí)精準(zhǔn)檢測(cè),。含水率檢測(cè)單元輸出電壓與介電常數(shù)(6~53.3范圍內(nèi),對(duì)應(yīng)莖干含水率為0~85%)具有良好的線性關(guān)系(決定系數(shù)R2=0.9701),,靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性良好(長(zhǎng)時(shí)間測(cè)試最大波動(dòng)為0.6%全量程),。以楊樹(shù)為研究對(duì)象,含水率檢測(cè)單元與BD-IV型植物莖體水分傳感器的對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致(決定系數(shù)R2=0.9800),。液流檢測(cè)單元與ST1221型熱擴(kuò)散式液流計(jì)對(duì)比,,二者檢測(cè)的楊樹(shù)液流密度具有顯著的線性關(guān)系(決定系數(shù)R2=0.8991),熱擴(kuò)散式液流計(jì)不能準(zhǔn)確判斷零液流條件而低估了液流密度,,ST1221型液流計(jì)檢測(cè)的平均值比本系統(tǒng)液流檢測(cè)單元低1.1cm/h,,液流檢測(cè)單元使用的熱比率法可以準(zhǔn)確檢測(cè)低速液流。復(fù)合傳感器對(duì)楊樹(shù)莖干含水率和液流的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果與前人研究一致且符合植物生理規(guī)律,。莖干含水率和液流存在極顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)性(Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.7951),。

    Abstract:

    The stem moisture status of living tree is an effective manifestation of plant life state. Stem water content (StWC) and stem sap flux density (SFD) are important parameters to study the variation of water in plants. Stem water content is a fundamental parameter to correctly detect the thermal equilibrium point or zero-flux conditions and measure the sap flux density. The water content at different heights and the sap flux density in different orientations of the stems of the living tree may differ significantly. The plant growth status can be evaluated comprehensively and the relationship between the water content and sap flux density can be analyzed effectively with accurate detection of the two parameters at the same spatial position of living tree stem. The stem water content detection method based on standing wave ratio (SWR) principle and the stem sap flow detection method based on heat ratio method (HRM) principle were combined to design a composite detection system for stem water content and sap flux density of living trees. The water content detection unit and the sap flow detection unit of the composite detection system reused one set of three-needle probes, which could accurately detect water content and sap flow in the same spatial position of the living tree stems in real time. The output voltage of the water content detection unit had a good linear relationship (R2=0.9701) with the dielectric constant (in the range of 6~53.3, corresponding to the stem water content range of 0~85%), and the static stability was good (with maximum fluctuation of 0.6% of the full scale for a long time test). The measuring results of the water content detection unit and BD-IV plant stem moisture sensor were consistent(R2=0.9800)in a comparative test taking poplar as the research object. The comparative test between the sap flow detection unit and the ST1221 thermal dissipation plant sap flow meter showed a highly significant linear relationship between the value of sap flux density detected by both (R2=0.8991), and the mean value of sap flux density detected by the ST1221 sap flow meter was 1.1cm/h lower than that of the sap flow detection unit, mainly because the thermal dissipation sap flow meter could not accurately determine the zero flow conditions leading to its underestimation of sap flux density, while the heat ratio method used by the sap flow detection unit can accurately detect low-speed sap flow. The long-term monitoring results of poplar stem water content and sap flow by the composite detection system were consistent with previous studies and in line with plant physiological laws. There was a significant negative correlation between stem water content and sap flux density (Pearson correlation coefficient was -0.7951). A high-performance and low-cost device for plant life state monitoring was provided.

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趙燕東,黃紅倫,趙玥,劉衛(wèi)平,米雪.活立木莖干水分狀況實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)傳感器研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(7):282-289,359. ZHAO Yandong, HUANG Honglun, ZHAO Yue, LIU Weiping, MI Xue. Study of Real-time Detection Sensor for Stem Moisture Status of Living Tree[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(7):282-289,,359.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-07-10
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