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考慮初始含水率沿程不均勻分布的畦灌技術(shù)要素調(diào)控
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(52009030)、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD1700803-2)和江蘇省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(D21YFD17008)


Regulation of Border Irrigation Technical Elements Considering Condition of Uneven Initial Soil Moisture Content along Border
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    摘要:

    畦田土壤初始含水率是影響灌水質(zhì)量的重要因素之一,,由降雨產(chǎn)流導(dǎo)致的畦田土壤含水率沿程不均勻分布是華北平原農(nóng)田常見的現(xiàn)象,。為探究土壤初始含水率空間變異性對畦灌水流運動以及灌水質(zhì)量的影響,本文開展一維土柱入滲試驗與二維土槽灌溉試驗,,結(jié)合WinSRFR地面灌溉模擬模型,,優(yōu)化求解初始含水率沿程不均勻條件下的畦灌技術(shù)要素。結(jié)果表明:畦田土壤初始含水率沿程增幅越大,,畦灌田面水流推進(jìn)速度越快,,田面水流消退速度越慢;相較于初始含水率均勻分布,,畦田土壤初始含水率沿程不均勻分布條件下,,灌水效率和灌水均勻度有所下降,儲水效率無明顯變化,;當(dāng)畦田土壤初始含水率沿程增加時,,灌水效率和儲水效率受畦田長度、入畦單寬流量及改水成數(shù)的影響,,而灌后土壤水分均勻度僅受畦田長度和單寬流量的影響,;當(dāng)畦田土壤初始含水率沿程由0.1890m3/m3均勻增大至0.4643m3/m3時,畦田長度L為85m,、改水成數(shù)G為6,、單寬流量q為7.0L/(m·s)時可取得最優(yōu)灌水質(zhì)量。本研究結(jié)果可為降雨產(chǎn)流帶來的畦田土壤初始含水率不均勻條件下的灌水技術(shù)要素調(diào)控提供科學(xué)依據(jù),。

    Abstract:

    Soil initial moisture content is one of the important factors affecting border irrigation quality. The uneven distribution of soil moisture content caused by runoff is a common phenomenon in the farmland of North China Plain. In order to explore the influence of spatial variability of initial soil moisture content on flow movement and irrigation quality of border irrigation, one-dimensional soil column infiltration test and two-dimensional soil tank irrigation test were carried out in this study. Combined with WinSRFR surface irrigation simulation model, the technical factors of border irrigation under the condition of uneven initial moisture content were optimized and solved. The results showed that the greater the increase of initial soil moisture content along the border, the faster the surface water flow of border irrigation, and the slower the surface water flow of border irrigation. Compared with the uniform distribution of initial moisture content, under the condition of uneven distribution of initial moisture content along the border soil, the irrigation efficiency and irrigation uniformity will decrease, and the water storage efficiency will not change significantly. When the initial soil moisture content increased along the border, the irrigation efficiency and water storage efficiency were affected by the length of the border, the flow rate per unit width of the border and the number of water improvement, while the soil moisture uniformity after irrigation was only affected by the length of the border and the flow rate per unit width. When the initial moisture content of the border soil increases uniformly from 0.1890m3/3 to 0.4643m3/m3, the optimal border irrigation quality can be obtained when the border length L=85m, the number of water change G=6.0, and the unit width flow q=7.0L/(m·s). The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the regulation of irrigation technology elements under the initial moisture content of border soil caused by rainfall runoff.

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李江,黃增健,李濤,繳錫云,史傳萌,張狀狀.考慮初始含水率沿程不均勻分布的畦灌技術(shù)要素調(diào)控[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(8):320-329,370. LI Jiang, HUANG Zengjian, LI Tao, JIAO Xiyun, SHI Chuanmeng, ZHANG Zhuangzhuang. Regulation of Border Irrigation Technical Elements Considering Condition of Uneven Initial Soil Moisture Content along Border[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(8):320-329,370.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-05-27
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