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蔬菜移栽夾莖式取苗裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2019YFE0125200)和北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新建設(shè)專項(KJCX20210402)


Design and Experiment of Vegetable Transplanting Clip Stem Seedling Device
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    摘要:

    針對半自動移栽機作業(yè)效率低,、作業(yè)質(zhì)量差的問題,設(shè)計了一種面向蔬菜移栽機器人的夾莖式自動取苗裝置,。取苗裝置經(jīng)過整排取苗,、等距分苗、精準(zhǔn)投苗,,可實現(xiàn)高效,、高質(zhì)自動化取投苗作業(yè)。建立多級剪叉分苗機構(gòu)與夾苗裝置的運動力學(xué)模型,,對缽苗下落運動,、氣動系統(tǒng)進行模型設(shè)計及分析計算,搭建取苗試驗裝置,。試驗選取穴盤辣椒苗作為研究對象,,以缽苗苗齡、基質(zhì)含水率,、取苗頻率為試驗因素,,設(shè)計以取苗成功率、基質(zhì)破碎率為評價指標(biāo)的單因素試驗,。根據(jù)試驗結(jié)果,,采用Box-Behnken響應(yīng)曲面分析法設(shè)計正交試驗,探究了苗齡與基質(zhì)含水率,、苗齡與取苗頻率及基質(zhì)含水率與取苗頻率之間的交互作用對取苗效果的影響,,優(yōu)化取苗參數(shù),。試驗結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)苗齡33d,、缽苗基質(zhì)含水率46%,、取苗頻率75株/min時,取苗成功率為97.36%,,基質(zhì)破碎5.07%,,可滿足大田自動化移栽的取苗及投苗要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of low operation efficiency and poor operation quality of semi-automatic transplanting machine, a stem-type automatic seedling picking device for vegetable transplanting robot was designed. The seedling pick-up device can realize efficient and high-quality automatic seedling pick-up and delivery operation through whole row of seedling pick-up, equidistant seedling separation and precise seedling delivery. The motion mechanics model of multi-stage scissors seedling mechanism and clamping seedling device was established. The model design and analysis calculation of the falling motion and pneumatic system of pot seedlings were carried out, and the seedling test device was built. Plug pepper seedlings were selected as the research object, and the seedling age, matrix moisture content and seedling frequency were taken as the experimental factors. A single factor experiment was designed to evaluate the success rate of seedling and matrix crushing rate. According to the test results, the Box-Behnken response surface analysis method was used to design the orthogonal experiment. The effects of the interaction between seedling age and substrate moisture content, seedling age and seedling picking frequency, substrate moisture content and seedling picking frequency on the seedling picking effect were explored, and the seedling picking parameters were optimized. The results showed that when the seedling age was 33d, the water content of pot seedling substrate was 46%, the frequency of seedling picking was 75 plants/min, the success rate of seedling picking was 97.36%, and the substrate crushing was 5.07%, which could meet the requirements of seedling picking and throwing of field automatic transplanting.

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王秀,劉蒙滋,翟長遠,韓長杰,楊碩,高原源.蔬菜移栽夾莖式取苗裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(9):122-132. WANG Xiu, LIU Mengzi, ZHAI Changyuan, HAN Changjie, YANG Shuo, GAO Yuanyuan. Design and Experiment of Vegetable Transplanting Clip Stem Seedling Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(9):122-132.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-09-10
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