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抖動鏈齒桿式殘膜-土壤-秸稈挖掘與輸送裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52005425)和新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)重點(diǎn)研發(fā)任務(wù)專項(xiàng)(2022397490)


Design and Test of Excavating and Conveying Device with Vibrating Chain Tooth and Bar for Residual Film-Soil-Straw
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    摘要:

    針對土壤層殘膜回收裝備存在挖掘阻力大,、功耗高,、易壅土等問題,設(shè)計(jì)抖動鏈齒桿式殘膜-土壤-秸稈挖掘與輸送裝置,,其中旋耕挖掘機(jī)構(gòu)降低挖掘阻力并解決壅土問題,,抖動鏈齒輸送機(jī)構(gòu)提高殘膜-土壤-秸稈輸送效率。建立輸送鏈表面物料顆粒的受力模型,,分析前進(jìn)速度與輸送鏈轉(zhuǎn)速之間的變化關(guān)系,,計(jì)算抖動輪與輸送鏈轉(zhuǎn)速;測定土壤剖面殘膜和秸稈的含量及分布并建立虛擬仿真土槽,,模擬棉田土壤中殘膜和秸稈含量及分布特點(diǎn)。在EDEM中構(gòu)建殘膜-土壤-秸稈挖掘與輸送裝置仿真模型并設(shè)置挖掘鏟入土深度150mm,,在不同前進(jìn)速度(0.75,、1、1.25m/s),、旋耕刀片轉(zhuǎn)速(210,、230、250r/min),、輸送鏈轉(zhuǎn)速(65,、85,、105r/min)組合條件下,模擬挖掘與輸送殘膜-土壤-秸稈過程中的壅土效果和顆粒速度變化特性,;根據(jù)仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果可知,,在挖掘與輸送裝置前進(jìn)速度較高的條件下易發(fā)生壅土問題,土壤層殘膜,、土壤和秸稈顆粒運(yùn)動速度小于5m/s,。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果基本相同,在不同的因素水平組合條件下,,田間試驗(yàn)測量壅土高度范圍為71~246mm,;田間試驗(yàn)表明,當(dāng)壅土高度小于等于90mm時不會發(fā)生挖掘阻力較大并停機(jī)的問題,。文中設(shè)計(jì)的挖掘與輸送裝置和作業(yè)效果分析方法,,為設(shè)計(jì)新型的殘膜-土壤-秸稈挖掘與輸送裝置提供參考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems such as high digging resistance, high power consumption and easy soil blockage in the soil layer of residual film recovery equipment, the residual film-soil-straw excavating and conveying device with vibrating chain tooth bar is designed, in which the rotary tillage excavating mechanism reduces the excavation resistance and solves the soil blockage problem, and the vibrating chain tooth conveying mechanism improves the residual film-soil-straw conveying efficiency. The force model of the material particles on the surface of the conveyor chain is established, the relationship between the forward speed and the speed of the conveyor chain is analyzed, and the speed of the shaking wheel and the conveyor chain is calculated. The content and distribution of residual film and straw in soil profile are measured and a virtual simulated soil tank is established to simulate the content and distribution characteristics of residual film and straw in cotton soil. The simulation model of excavating and conveying device is built and set the depth of excavation shovel to 150mm in EDEM. Under different forward speed (0.75m/s, 1m/s, 1.25m/s), rotary blade speed (210r/min, 230r/min, 250r/min), conveyor chain speed(65r/min, 85r/min, 105r/min) combination conditions, simulation of soil backwater effect and particle velocity variation in the process of excavating and conveying residual film-soil-straw. According to the simulation results, it can be seen that the blockage problem is easy to occur under the condition that the forward speed of the excavating and conveying device is high, and the motion speed of the residual film of soil layer, soil and straw particles is less than 5m/s. The results of the field test are basically the same as those of the simulation test. Under the conditions of different combination of factors, the height of the soil blockage measured in the field test ranges from 71mm to 246mm. The field test shows that when the height of soil blockage is less than 90mm, the problem of excavation resistance and stoppage will not occur. The excavating and conveying device and the operation effect analysis method designed in this paper can provide reference for designing a new type device of excavating and conveying residual film-soil-straw.

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靳偉,丁幼春,農(nóng)峰,張學(xué)軍,白圣賀.抖動鏈齒桿式殘膜-土壤-秸稈挖掘與輸送裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(11):71-82. JIN Wei, DING Youchun, NONG Feng, ZHANG Xuejun, BAI Shenghe. Design and Test of Excavating and Conveying Device with Vibrating Chain Tooth and Bar for Residual Film-Soil-Straw[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(11):71-82.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-10
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