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整列定位夾切組合式馬鈴薯種薯切塊裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(SD2019NJ010)


Design and Experiment of Seed Potato Cutting Device of Sorting-positioning and Clamping-cutting Combined
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前馬鈴薯種薯切塊機(jī)存在切種質(zhì)量差和自動(dòng)化程度低等問(wèn)題,基于切種農(nóng)藝與農(nóng)機(jī)相融合的設(shè)計(jì)思想,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種馬鈴薯種薯自動(dòng)切塊裝置,。通過(guò)整列定位輸送機(jī)構(gòu)完成種薯排列輸送定位,經(jīng)夾持取料機(jī)構(gòu)和切刀機(jī)構(gòu)組合作用下完成種薯切塊過(guò)程,,整機(jī)由PLC控制切塊動(dòng)作工序,,實(shí)現(xiàn)了切種流程的自動(dòng)化,。結(jié)合典型種薯幾何尺寸參數(shù),,完成馬鈴薯種薯切塊裝置的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)種薯切塊作業(yè)過(guò)程進(jìn)行理論分析,,明晰影響種薯切塊效果的主要因素和各因素的取值范圍,。以切種合格率,、切種盲眼率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),以圓臺(tái)輥組中心距,、鏈條輸送速度,、V形刀具夾角為試驗(yàn)因素,進(jìn)行三因素三水平響應(yīng)面試驗(yàn),,通過(guò)Design-Expert 12.0.3軟件對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行方差分析和交互作用分析,,利用軟件優(yōu)化模塊確定試驗(yàn)最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合。在最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合條件下進(jìn)行種薯切塊試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,,驗(yàn)證結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)圓臺(tái)輥組中心距為101.60mm,、鏈條輸送速度為0.019m/s、V形刀具夾角為49.50°時(shí),,切種合格率為97.56%,,切種盲眼率為1.27%,與優(yōu)化值相對(duì)誤差小于5%,,表明優(yōu)化后最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合可靠性高,,可以滿足種薯切塊要求。

    Abstract:

    In response to problems of poor seed cutting quality and low degree of automation in seed potato cutting machine,based on the design idea of integrating seed cutting agronomy and agricultural machinery, an automatic cutting device suitable for seed potatoes was developed. The seed potato sorting and positioning were completed by sorting-positioning conveying mechanism, and the seed potato cutting process was completed by the combination of the clamping-picking and cutting mechanism. The machine was controlled by PLC to realize the cutting action process and realize the automation of the cutting process. Combined with typical seed potato geometric size parameters, the key structure design of the seed potato cutting device was completed, the process of seed potato cutting was theoretically analyzed, and the main factors affecting the seed potato cutting effect and the value range of each factor were clarified. The qualified rate of seed cutting and blind rate of seed cutting were taken as evaluation indexes, and the center distance of round table roll set, chain conveying speed and V-shaped cutter angle were taken as experimental factors. The response surface test of three factors and three levels was conducted. The analysis of variance and interaction of the test results were conducted by Design-Expert 12.0.3 software. The optimal parameter combination conditions of the test were determined by optimizing the module design of the software, and the seed potato slices were verified under the optimal parameter combination conditions. When the center distance of the round table rolls was 101.60mm, the chain conveying speed was 0.019m/s, and the angle of the V-type cutting tool was 49.50°, the qualified rate of seed cutting was 97.56%, the blind rate of seed cutting was 1.27%, and the relative error with the optimized value was less than 5%, which indicated the optimized parameter combination had high reliability and can meet the requirements of potato seed cutting.

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王相友,劉為龍,張浩,蘇國(guó)粱,任加意.整列定位夾切組合式馬鈴薯種薯切塊裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(11):148-158. WANG Xiangyou, LIU Weilong, ZHANG Hao, SU Guoliang, REN Jiayi. Design and Experiment of Seed Potato Cutting Device of Sorting-positioning and Clamping-cutting Combined[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(11):148-158.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-10
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